如何收集维基数据以使用 owlready (python) 生成本体？

问题描述

在帮助下，例如wikidata_query(...) 从 python 执行对 wikidata 的查询很简单：

例如

q = """
SELECT ?item ?itemLabel 
WHERE 
{
  ?item wdt:P279 wd:Q125977.
  SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language "[AUTO_LANGUAGE],en". }
}
"""

wikidata_query(q)

检索 Q125977（向量空间）的所有子类。然而，结果是一个普通的 json 结构。相反，我想要一个owlready2-本体（更准确地说，只有subclassOf-关系）。

是否有（部分）执行此任务的可用代码，还是我必须自己编写代码？在后一种情况下：最聪明的做法是什么（例如，使用一些可自定义的深度，处理多重继承）？

解决方法

以下内容遍历您的输出 DataFrame 并使用子类断言填充本体：

from owlready2 import *
import re

def get_entity_id(iri) :
    return re.sub(r".*[#/\\]","",iri)

def get_subclass_assertions(wd_superclass_id) :
    q = """
    SELECT ?item ?itemLabel 
    WHERE 
    {
      ?item wdt:P279 wd:%s.
      SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language "[AUTO_LANGUAGE],en". }
    }
    """ % wd_superclass_id
    
    ontology = get_ontology("http://www.wikidata.org/entity/")
    with ontology:
        SuperClass = types.new_class(wd_superclass_id,(Thing,))
        assert SuperClass.name == wd_superclass_id
        for _,row in wikidata_query(q).iterrows():
            new_class_id = get_entity_id(row['item'])
            NewClass = types.new_class(new_class_id,(SuperClass,))
            NewClass.label = row['itemLabel']
    
    return ontology

wd_id = "Q125977"

ontology = get_subclass_assertions(wd_id)       # get the ontology
subclasses = list(ontology[wd_id].subclasses()) # now you can accede to subclasses

print(subclasses)                               # [entity.Q190109,entity.Q289411,entity.Q305936,entity.Q464794,entity.Q577835,entity.Q726210,entity.Q728435,entity.Q752487,entity.Q766774,entity.Q1000660,entity.Q1393796,entity.Q1455249,entity.Q1503340,entity.Q1777803,entity.Q2133608,entity.Q2344309,entity.Q3058206,entity.Q4131086,entity.Q4131105,entity.Q5156614,entity.Q7642975,entity.Q15834383,entity.Q42797338,entity.Q46996054,entity.Q63793693,entity.Q77595632,entity.Q77604597,entity.Q91474415,entity.Q98929437]
print(list(map(lambda c: c.iri,subclasses)))   # ['http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190109','http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q289411','http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q305936','http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q464794','http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q577835','http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q726210','http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q728435','http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q752487','http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q766774','http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1000660','http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1393796','http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1455249','http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1503340','http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1777803','http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2133608','http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2344309','http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3058206','http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4131086','http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q4131105','http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5156614','http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7642975','http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15834383','http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q42797338','http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46996054','http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q63793693','http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q77595632','http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q77604597','http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q91474415','http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q98929437']
print(list(map(lambda c: c.label,subclasses))) # [['field'],['sequence space'],['Lp space'],['Minkowski spacetime'],['field extension'],['normed vector space'],['linear subspace'],['dual space'],['symplectic vector space'],['algebra over a field'],['quotient space'],['topological vector space'],['ordered vector space'],['coalgebra'],['coordinate space'],['pseudo-Euclidean space'],['graded vector space'],['row space'],['column space'],['complex vector space'],['super vector space'],['matrix space'],['function vector space'],['real vector space'],['seminormed space'],['real or complex vector space'],['finite-dimensional vector space'],['quadratic space'],['space of linear maps']]