Rails：Rails 引擎中的 Belongs_to 和 Has_many 关联

问题描述

所以我使用 Rails 6 构建了一个应用程序。我已经使用Rails 引擎实现了该应用的一些核心功能。

引擎的名称Baseblog，我有两个模型，分别称为作者和发布。

一个author有多个posts，而一个post属于一个author。以下是我的模型实现：

作者模型：

module Baseblog
  class Author < ApplicationRecord
    has_many :posts,dependent: :destroy

    validates :name,presence: true
    validates :address,presence: true
  end
end

发布模型：

module Baseblog
  class Post < ApplicationRecord
    belongs_to :author

    validates :name,presence: true
  end
end

这是我对 作者 模型的 rspec 测试：

作者规范

require 'rails_helper'

module Baseblog
  RSpec.describe Author,type: :model do
    describe 'associations' do
      it { is_expected.to have_many(:posts) }
    end

    describe "validations" do
      it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:name) }
      it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:address) }
    end
  end
end

作者工厂机器人

FactoryBot.define do
  factory :school do
    name { "MyString" }
    address { "MyText" }
  end
end

帖子架构

create_table "baseblog_posts",force: :cascade do |t|
  t.string "name"
  t.text "description"
  t.bigint "baseblog_author_id",null: false
  t.datetime "created_at",precision: 6,null: false
  t.datetime "updated_at",null: false
  t.index ["baseblog_author_id"],name: "index_baseblog_posts_on_baseblog_author_id"
  end

但是，当我对作者模型运行测试时，出现错误：

Failures:

  1) Baseblog::Author associations is expected to have many posts
     Failure/Error: it { is_expected.to have_many(:posts) }
       Expected Baseblog::Author to have a has_many association called posts (Baseblog::Post does not have a author_id foreign key.)
     # ./spec/models/baseblog/author_spec.rb:6:in `block (3 levels) in <module:Baseblog>'

Finished in 0.29222 seconds (files took 2.9 seconds to load)
6 examples,1 failure

如何定义作者模型和发布模型之间的has_many和belongs_to关联？任何形式的帮助将不胜感激。

更新：

作者 模型的测试规范在我使用 dedypuji's answer 按照以下方式修改后通过了：

作者模型

module Baseblog
  class Author < ApplicationRecord
    has_many :posts,class_name: 'Baseblog::Post',foreign_key: :baseblog_author_id,presence: true
  end
end

发布模型

module Baseblog
  class Post < ApplicationRecord
    belongs_to :author,class_name: 'Baseblog::Author',foreign_key: :baseblog_author_id

    validates :name,presence: true
  end
end

然而，Post 模型的规范测试仍然失败：

发布规范

需要'rails_helper'

模块基础博客 RSpec.describe 帖子，输入： :model do 描述“协会”做 它 { is_expected.to own_to(:author) } 结束

describe 'validations' do
  it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:name) }
  it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:author_id) }
end

结束 结束

用于后期规范的工厂机器人

FactoryBot.define do
  factory :post do
    name { "MyString" }

    association :author
  end
end

但是，当我为 Post 运行规范测试时，我收到以下错误：

Failures:

  1) Baseblog::Post associations is expected to belong to author required: true
     Failure/Error: it { is_expected.to belong_to(:author) }
     
     NoMethodError:
       undefined method `author_id' for #<Baseblog::Post:0x000056397e47dc50>
       Did you mean?  author
                      author=
     # ./spec/models/baseblog/post_spec.rb:6:in `block (3 levels) in <module:Baseblog>'

Baseblog::Post validations is expected to validate that :author_id cannot be empty/falsy
     Failure/Error: it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:author_id) }
     
     Shoulda::Matchers::ActiveModel::AllowValueMatcher::AttributeDoesNotExistError:
       The matcher attempted to set :author_id on the Baseblog::Post to
       nil,but that attribute does not exist.
     # ./spec/models/baseblog/post_spec.rb:19:in `block (3 levels) in <module:Baseblog>'

解决方法

你可以试试吗？

@constraint

module Baseblog
  class Author < ApplicationRecord
    has_many :posts,class_name: 'Baseblog::Post',foreign_key: :baseblog_author_id,dependent: :destroy

    validates :name,presence: true
    validates :address,presence: true
  end
end