问题描述
我正在尝试使用 pyinstaller 创建一个简单的独立脚本。该脚本仅使用 pandas 和 pdfminer 包。我还创建了一个新环境，只安装了这两个包及其依赖项。
运行 pyinstaller --onefile ema_pdf_reader.spec 时出现以下错误，我的 .spec 文件如下所示：
# -*- mode: python ; coding: utf-8 -*-
block_cipher = None
a = Analysis(['ema_pdf_reader.py'],pathex=['/home/erik/PycharmProjects/simple_gui'],binaries=[],datas=[],hiddenimports=['pandas','pdfminer'],hookspath=[],runtime_hooks=[],excludes=[],win_no_prefer_redirects=False,win_private_assemblies=False,cipher=block_cipher,noarchive=False)
pyz = PYZ(a.pure,a.zipped_data,cipher=block_cipher)
exe = EXE(pyz,a.scripts,a.binaries,a.zipfiles,a.datas,[],name='ema_pdf_reader',debug=False,bootloader_ignore_signals=False,strip=False,upx=True,upx_exclude=[],runtime_tmpdir=None,console=True )
错误：
(clean_env) [erik@liara simple_gui]$ pyinstaller --onefile ema_pdf_reader.spec
34 INFO: PyInstaller: 3.6
34 INFO: Python: 3.8.2 (conda)
69 INFO: Platform: Linux-5.10.15-1-manjaro-x86_64-with-glibc2.10
72 INFO: UPX is not available.
73 INFO: Extending PYTHONPATH with paths
['/home/erik/PycharmProjects/simple_gui','/home/erik/PycharmProjects/simple_gui']
73 INFO: checking Analysis
73 INFO: Building Analysis because Analysis-00.toc is non existent
73 INFO: Initializing module dependency graph...
74 INFO: Caching module graph hooks...
78 INFO: Analyzing base_library.zip ...
2247 INFO: Processing pre-find module path hook distutils
2247 INFO: distutils: retargeting to non-venv dir '/home/erik/miniconda3/envs/clean_env/lib/python3.8'
4327 INFO: Caching module dependency graph...
4424 INFO: running Analysis Analysis-00.toc
4448 INFO: Analyzing ema_pdf_reader.py
5378 INFO: Processing pre-safe import module hook six.moves
6929 INFO: Processing pre-find module path hook site
6929 INFO: site: retargeting to fake-dir '/home/erik/miniconda3/envs/clean_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/PyInstaller/fake-modules'
12802 INFO: Processing module hooks...
12802 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-xml.etree.cElementTree.py"...
12803 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-numpy.py"...
12803 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-pytz.py"...
12816 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-pandas.py"...
13457 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-distutils.py"...
13459 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-pkg_resources.py"...
13672 INFO: Processing pre-safe import module hook win32com
13879 WARNING: Hidden import "pkg_resources.py2_warn" not found!
13881 INFO: Excluding import '__main__'
13882 INFO: Removing import of __main__ from module pkg_resources
13883 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-pydoc.py"...
13883 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-_tkinter.py"...
13974 INFO: checking Tree
13979 INFO: checking Tree
13983 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-sysconfig.py"...
13993 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-cryptography.py"...
14149 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-setuptools.py"...
14570 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-encodings.py"...
14619 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-lib2to3.py"...
14621 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-sqlite3.py"...
14665 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-numpy.core.py"...
14666 INFO: MKL libraries found when importing numpy. Adding MKL to binaries
14667 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-xml.py"...
14790 INFO: Looking for ctypes DLLs
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/erik/miniconda3/envs/clean_env/bin/pyinstaller",line 11,in <module>
sys.exit(run())
File "/home/erik/miniconda3/envs/clean_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/PyInstaller/__main__.py",line 114,in run
run_build(pyi_config,spec_file,**vars(args))
File "/home/erik/miniconda3/envs/clean_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/PyInstaller/__main__.py",line 65,in run_build
PyInstaller.building.build_main.main(pyi_config,**kwargs)
File "/home/erik/miniconda3/envs/clean_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/PyInstaller/building/build_main.py",line 734,in main
build(specfile,kw.get('distpath'),kw.get('workpath'),kw.get('clean_build'))
File "/home/erik/miniconda3/envs/clean_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/PyInstaller/building/build_main.py",line 681,in build
exec(code,spec_namespace)
File "ema_pdf_reader.spec",line 6,in <module>
a = Analysis(['ema_pdf_reader.py'],File "/home/erik/miniconda3/envs/clean_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/PyInstaller/building/build_main.py",line 244,in __init__
self.__postinit__()
File "/home/erik/miniconda3/envs/clean_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/PyInstaller/building/datastruct.py",line 160,in __postinit__
self.assemble()
File "/home/erik/miniconda3/envs/clean_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/PyInstaller/building/build_main.py",line 440,in assemble
ctypes_binaries = scan_code_for_ctypes(co)
File "/home/erik/miniconda3/envs/clean_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/PyInstaller/depend/utils.py",line 143,in scan_code_for_ctypes
binaries = _resolveCtypesImports(binaries)
File "/home/erik/miniconda3/envs/clean_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/PyInstaller/depend/utils.py",line 317,in _resolveCtypesImports
load_ldconfig_cache()
File "/home/erik/miniconda3/envs/clean_env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/PyInstaller/depend/utils.py",line 400,in load_ldconfig_cache
path = m.groups()[-1]
AttributeError: 'nonetype' object has no attribute 'groups'
我是否需要在我的 .spec 文件中指定一些其他设置？到目前为止，我只是将外部包添加到 hiddenimports，其余的 .spec 文件是使用 pyi-makespec --onefile ema_pdf_reader.py
脚本本身运行良好，创建仅使用标准库的独立脚本也没有问题。
更新 1：
错误一定是ctype DLL检测引起的。导入 numpy 时也会发生这种情况。我尝试了不同版本的 pyinstaller（3.6 和 4.2），但错误仍然存在。我还尝试使用 pip 而不是 conda 重新安装 pyinstaller，但没有帮助。
更新 2： 在 Windows 机器上执行相同的程序按预期工作
解决方法
似乎在这里 (https://github.com/pyinstaller/pyinstaller/issues/5552) 他们发现了类似的东西。他们的设置与我的非常相似。还在阅读中...
编辑 1： 我终于让它工作了。不得不：
1.-手动编辑文件“utils.py”并添加缺少的条件
2.-重新安装我的 Python 版本 (3.7.4) 并启用共享库
最后的结果还是要测试一下。