如何修复我为 Arduino 制作的步进电机库？

编程问答 2022-05-22

问题描述

我有一个 Arduino Mega，我使用的是 L298N，我的目标是制作一个成功的 Arduino 库，用步进电机制作音乐。我知道以前已经采用了这种方法，但我正在尝试自己做。我不能使用 Moppy 库，坦率地说，其他人的代码非常复杂。那么，我的问题是什么？我的问题是当我使用我制作的库（作为测试）时出现此错误：

"C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Arduino\\hardware\\tools\\avr/bin/avr-g++" -c -g -Os -w -std=gnu++11 -fpermissive -fno-exceptions -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -fno-threadsafe-statics -Wno-error=narrowing -MMD -flto -mmcu=atmega2560 -DF_cpu=16000000L -DARDUINO=10813 -DARDUINO_AVR_MEGA2560 -DARDUINO_ARCH_AVR "-IC:\\Program Files (x86)\\Arduino\\hardware\\arduino\\avr\\cores\\arduino" "-IC:\\Program Files (x86)\\Arduino\\hardware\\arduino\\avr\\variants\\mega" "-IC:\\Users\\austin\\Documents\\Arduino\\libraries\\stepperTestLibrary" "C:\\Users\\austin\\Documents\\Arduino\\libraries\\stepperTestLibrary\\stepperTestLibrary.cpp" -o "C:\\Users\\austin\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\arduino_build_519425\\libraries\\stepperTestLibrary\\stepperTestLibrary.cpp.o"
C:\Users\austin\Documents\Arduino\libraries\stepperTestLibrary\stepperTestLibrary.cpp:13:1: error: prototype for 'stepperTest::stepperTest(int,int,int)' does not match any in class 'stepperTest'
 stepperTest::stepperTest(int SMPin1,int SMPin2,int SMPin3,int SMPin4){
 ^~~~~~~~~~~
In file included from C:\Users\austin\Documents\Arduino\libraries\stepperTestLibrary\stepperTestLibrary.cpp:11:0:
C:\Users\austin\Documents\Arduino\libraries\stepperTestLibrary\stepperTestLibrary.h:15:7: error: candidates are: constexpr stepperTest::stepperTest(stepperTest&&)
 class stepperTest{
       ^~~~~~~~~~~
C:\Users\austin\Documents\Arduino\libraries\stepperTestLibrary\stepperTestLibrary.h:15:7: error:                 constexpr stepperTest::stepperTest(const stepperTest&)
C:\Users\austin\Documents\Arduino\libraries\stepperTestLibrary\stepperTestLibrary.h:19:1: error:                 stepperTest::stepperTest(uint8_t,uint8_t,uint8_t)
 stepperTest(uint8_t SMPin1,uint8_t SMPin2,uint8_t SMPin3,uint8_t SMPin4);
 ^~~~~~~~~~~
C:\Users\austin\Documents\Arduino\libraries\stepperTestLibrary\stepperTestLibrary.cpp:29:6: error: prototype for 'void stepperTest::runStepper(int,int)' does not match any in class 'stepperTest'
 void stepperTest::runStepper(int frequency,int duration){
      ^~~~~~~~~~~
In file included from C:\Users\austin\Documents\Arduino\libraries\stepperTestLibrary\stepperTestLibrary.cpp:11:0:
C:\Users\austin\Documents\Arduino\libraries\stepperTestLibrary\stepperTestLibrary.h:21:6: error: candidate is: void stepperTest::runStepper(uint8_t,uint8_t)
 void runStepper(uint8_t frequency,uint8_t duration);
      ^~~~~~~~~~

还有这个：

exit status 1
Error compiling for board Arduino Mega or Mega 2560.

我希望该库能够顺利运行，因为我正在关注其他一些用于步进电机的库，但我遇到了这些错误。我曾多次尝试修改代码，但我遇到了类似的问题，所以我不确定如何解决我自己的问题。我什至尝试复制和粘贴一些代码来使库正常工作。没有什么。我正在使用 Arduino Stepper、Accelstepper 和其他人制作的双极步进器库，但没有结果。 https://create.arduino.cc/projecthub/ambhatt/bipolar-stepper-motor-library-b9d5e0

这是 .h 文件：

/*
This library is designed for testing purposing only. CC Public Domain
Austin Harris
3/4/2021

This library is designed to run a stepper motor at a certain frequency to
make musical notes and for a certain duration
*/

#ifndef stepperTestLibrary_h
#define stepperTestLibrary_h

#include "Arduino.h"

class stepperTest{

public:

stepperTest(int SMPin1,int SMPin4);

void runStepper(int frequency,int duration);

private: 

  int direction;

  int SMPin1,intSMPin2,intSMPin3,intSMPin4;
  
};

#endif

这是 .cpp 文件：

/*
This library is designed for testing purposing only. CC Public Domain
Austin Harris
3/4/2021

This library is designed to run a stepper motor at a certain frequency to
make musical notes and for a cetain duration
*/

#include "Arduino.h"
#include "stepperTestLibrary.h"

stepperTest::stepperTest(int SMPin1,int SMPin4){

pinMode(SMPin1,OUTPUT);
pinMode(SMPin2,OUTPUT);
pinMode(SMPin3,OUTPUT);
pinMode(SMPin4,OUTPUT);

_SMPin1 = SMPin1;
_SMPin2 = SMPin2;
_SMPin3 = SMPin3;
_SMPin4 = SMPin4;

int direction = 0;      // motor direction

}

void stepperTest::runStepper(int frequency,int duration){

int rpmCalculation = abs(1000.0 / frequency);

// determine direction based on whether steps_to_mode is + or -:
  if (frequency > 0) { direction = 1; }
  if (frequency < 0) { direction = 0; }

    digitalWrite(SMPin1,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(SMPin2,LOW);
    digitalWrite(SMPin3,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(SMPin4,LOW);

    delay(1);

    digitalWrite(SMPin1,LOW);
    digitalWrite(SMPin2,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(SMPin3,LOW);
    digitalWrite(SMPin4,HIGH);

    delay(1);

    digitalWrite(SMPin1,HIGH);

    delay(duration);

}

这是关键字.txt：

stepperTest KEYWORD1
runStepper  KEYWORD2

这是 .ino 示例：

#include <stepperTestLibrary.h>

stepperTest myStepper(22,23,24,25);


void setup() {
  // put your setup code here,to run once:

}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here,to run repeatedly:

myStepper.runStepper(440,500);

}

这是接线：

This is the wiring image

这是步进器数据表的链接：

This is the datasheet link

-谢谢，

奥斯汀

解决方法

阅读有关 C++ 类的内容将是一个好的开始。也许变量名是如何工作的。以及阴影变量的工作原理。 SMPin2，_SMPin2 和第三个变体是 intSMPin2 之间有很大区别（其他变体也搞砸了）

无论如何，如果您想在构造函数中使用与成员相同的参数名称，则必须使用构造函数初始化列表。

#ifndef stepperTestLibrary_h
#define stepperTestLibrary_h

#include "Arduino.h"

class stepperTest {
public:
  stepperTest(uint8_t SMPin1,uint8_t SMPin2,uint8_t SMPin3,uint8_t SMPin4);

  void runStepper(int frequency,int duration);

private: 
  // just give some space to it:
  uint8_t SMPin1;
  uint8_t SMPin2;
  uint8_t SMPin3;
  uint8_t SMPin4;

  int8_t direction;

  /// or you'll mess it up like this:
  ///  int SMPin1,--->>>>>  intSMPin2,intSMPin3,intSMPin4  <<<<<---;
};

#endif

以及主要部分：

#include "Arduino.h"
#include "stepperTestLibrary.h"

stepperTest::stepperTest(uint8_t SMPin1,uint8_t SMPin4)
// constructor's initializer list:
: SMPin1{ SMPin1 },SMPin2{ SMPin2 },SMPin3{ SMPin3 },SMPin4{ SMPin4 },direction{ 0 }
{
    pinMode(SMPin1,OUTPUT);
    pinMode(SMPin2,OUTPUT);
    pinMode(SMPin3,OUTPUT);
    pinMode(SMPin4,OUTPUT);
}

void stepperTest::runStepper(int frequency,int duration) {

    // // Never used anywhere:  
    // int rpmCalculation = abs(1000.0 / frequency); 
    // // determine direction based on whether steps_to_mode is + or -:
    // if (frequency > 0) { direction = 1; }
    // if (frequency < 0) { direction = 0; }

    digitalWrite(SMPin1,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(SMPin2,LOW);
    digitalWrite(SMPin3,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(SMPin4,LOW);

    delay(1);

    digitalWrite(SMPin1,LOW);
    digitalWrite(SMPin2,HIGH);
    digitalWrite(SMPin3,LOW);
    digitalWrite(SMPin4,HIGH);

    delay(1);

    digitalWrite(SMPin1,HIGH);

    delay(duration); // what? why???
}
arduinoarduinoarduino-c++arduino-idec++