由于节点是异步的，查询数据库很困难

问题描述

这是我使用 Node.js 和 sqlite3 的第一个项目。由于节点是异步的，我真的很挣扎，因为我有一个 .js 文件专门用于与我的数据库交互的函数。但这意味着，每当我尝试调用这些函数并将它们分配给变量时，我尝试对变量执行的操作都会在我分配之前运行。例如：

//From my .js file that handles server stuff
app.post('/login',function (req,res,next) {
    placeholder = loginVer("Test","Test")
    console.log(placeholder) //Outputs pending promise
})

//From my database.js file
function databaseUserQuery(email){
    return new Promise(function (resolve,reject) {
        info = [] //empty array,if query can't find anything,info stays null which serves the purpose
        db.each("SELECT Email emailS,Password pword FROM Users WHERE Email  = ?",[email],(err,row) => {
            info[0] = row.emailS;
            info[1] = row.pword;
            resolve(info);
        })
        setTimeout(() => {
            resolve(info);
        },10)
    })
}

async function loginVer(email,password) {
    await databaseUserQuery(email).then(function(result) {
        if(result[0] == email){ //Checks if user exists (via email)
            if(result[1] == password){return(0)} //returns 0 if password matches
            else{return(1)} //Returns 1 if password is wrong but user exists
        } else {return(2)} //Returns 2 if user does not exist
    })
}

如果代码本身不好，我很抱歉，但我已经使用 promise 来确保在调用 loginVer 函数时，它首先执行查询，然后继续处理输出，但我真的认为/希望有更好的方法来做到这一点。

解决方法

非常简单，您只需使用.then！

app.post('/login',function (req,res,next) {
    loginVer("Test","Test").then(placeholder => {
        // hey the promise is resolved now and we got data!
        console.log(placeholder);
        res.send(placeholder);
    })
})

此外，您没有正确返回数据。

function loginVer(email,password) {
  return new Promise(resolve => {
    await databaseUserQuery(email).then(function(result) {
      if (result[0] == email) { //Checks if user exists (via email)
        if (result[1] == password) {
          resolve(0)
          return;
        } //returns 0 if password matches
        else {
          rresolve(1)
        } //Returns 1 if password is wrong but user exists
      } else {
        resolve(2)
      } //Returns 2 if user does not exist
    })
  });
}

另外，我建议您查看 bcrypt。您似乎将密码存储在您的数据库中，这是一个巨大的安全风险！使用 bcrypt 散列密码，这样如果有人进入您的数据库，您就不会泄露密码！

,

//changed handler to async function
app.post('/login',async function (req,next) {
    try {
        //you can use await here now
        let placeholder = await loginVer("Test","Test")
        console.log(placeholder) //Outputs pending promise
    } catch (error) {
        //any error with throw or reject statement in underlying function calls will propagate here
        console.log(error)
    }
})

//From my database.js file
function databaseUserQuery(email) {
    return new Promise(function (resolve,reject) {
        info = [] //empty array,if query can't find anything,info stays null which serves the purpose
        db.each("SELECT Email emailS,Password pword FROM Users WHERE Email  = ?",[email],(err,row) => {
            if (err) {
                return reject(err)
            }
            info[0] = row.emailS;
            info[1] = row.pword;
            resolve(info);
        })
    })
}

async function loginVer(email,password) {
    //either user async await or use promise chaining. databaseUserQuery returns promise so we can use await here
    let result = await databaseUserQuery(email)
    if (result[0] == email) { //Checks if user exists (via email)
        if (result[1] == password) { return (0) } //returns 0 if password matches
        else { return (1) } //Returns 1 if password is wrong but user exists
    } else { return (2) } //Returns 2 if user does not exist
}

• async/await 和 then/catch 可互换。
• 如果一个函数返回一个 promise，您可以使用 async/await 方式或 then/catch 方式。await databaseUserQuery(email).then(function(result) { 在此语句中，您将两者混合使用。
• 总是用 try/catch 或 .catch 捕捉错误。所以调试问题会更容易。