为什么 Numpy 和 Scipy QR 分解给我不同的值?

问题描述

我有以下向量。

x = np.array([[ 0.87695113],[ 0.3284933 ],[-0.35078323]])

当我调用 numpy 版本的 qr

from numpy.linalg import qr as qr_numpy
qr_numpy(x)

我得到

(array([[-0.87695113],[-0.3284933 ],[ 0.35078323]]),array([[-1.]]))

而当我运行 scipy 版本时,我得到了完全不同的东西。

from scipy.linalg import qr as qr_scipy
qr_scipy(x)

输出

(array([[-0.87695113,-0.3284933,0.35078323],[-0.3284933,0.94250897,0.06139208],[ 0.35078323,0.06139208,0.93444215]]),array([[-1.],[ 0.],[ 0.]]))

这是怎么回事??

解决方法

numpy.linalg.qr() 的默认 mode'reduced',而 scipy.linalg.qr() 的默认 'full'

因此,要获得相同的结果,请对 scipy-qr 使用 'economic' 或对 numpy-qr 使用 'complete'

from numpy.linalg import qr as qr_numpy
qr_numpy(x)
(array([[-0.87695113],[-0.3284933 ],[ 0.35078323]]),array([[-1.]]))

与 scipy-qr 的输出匹配:

from scipy.linalg import qr as qr_scipy
qr_scipy(x,mode='economic')
(array([[-0.87695113],array([[-1.]]))

并获得两者的“完整”版本:

from numpy.linalg import qr as qr_numpy
qr_numpy(x,mode='complete')
(array([[-0.87695113,-0.3284933,0.35078323],[-0.3284933,0.94250897,0.06139208],[ 0.35078323,0.06139208,0.93444215]]),array([[-1.],[ 0.],[ 0.]]))
from scipy.linalg import qr as qr_scipy
qr_scipy(x)
(array([[-0.87695113,[ 0.]]))