问题描述
嗨，我是 Spring MVC 的新手。
我正在尝试使用 MVC 构建一个项目，但我不断收到此异常： java.lang.classNotFoundException: com.springframework.web.servlet.dispatcherServlet 我在互联网上搜索这个问题很累。请帮帮我！
这是我的服务器日志：
Mar 16,2021 7:47:08 ÖÖ org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
INFO: Server version name: Apache Tomcat/10.0.4
Mar 16,2021 7:47:08 ÖÖ org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
INFO: Server built: Mar 5 2021 11:07:15 UTC
Mar 16,2021 7:47:08 ÖÖ org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
INFO: Server version number: 10.0.4.0
Mar 16,2021 7:47:08 ÖÖ org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
INFO: OS Name: Windows 10
Mar 16,2021 7:47:08 ÖÖ org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
INFO: OS Version: 10.0
Mar 16,2021 7:47:08 ÖÖ org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
INFO: Architecture: amd64
Mar 16,2021 7:47:08 ÖÖ org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
INFO: Java Home: C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-15.0.2
Mar 16,2021 7:47:08 ÖÖ org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
INFO: JVM Version: 15.0.2+7-27
Mar 16,2021 7:47:08 ÖÖ org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
INFO: JVM vendor: Oracle Corporation
Mar 16,2021 7:47:08 ÖÖ org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
INFO: CATALINA_BASE: D:\Workspaces\Eclipse_Spring\.Metadata\.plugins\org.eclipse.wst.server.core\tmp1
Mar 16,2021 7:47:08 ÖÖ org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
INFO: CATALINA_HOME: D:\Lib-Program\apache-tomcat-10.0.4
Mar 16,2021 7:47:08 ÖÖ org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
INFO: Command line argument: -Dcatalina.base=D:\Workspaces\Eclipse_Spring\.Metadata\.plugins\org.eclipse.wst.server.core\tmp1
Mar 16,2021 7:47:08 ÖÖ org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
INFO: Command line argument: -Dcatalina.home=D:\Lib-Program\apache-tomcat-10.0.4
Mar 16,2021 7:47:08 ÖÖ org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
INFO: Command line argument: -Dwtp.deploy=D:\Workspaces\Eclipse_Spring\.Metadata\.plugins\org.eclipse.wst.server.core\tmp1\wtpwebapps
Mar 16,2021 7:47:08 ÖÖ org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
INFO: Command line argument: -Dfile.encoding=Cp1254
Mar 16,2021 7:47:08 ÖÖ org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
INFO: Command line argument: -XX:+ShowCodeDetailsInExceptionMessages
Mar 16,2021 7:47:08 ÖÖ org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener lifecycleEvent
INFO: Loaded Apache Tomcat Native library [1.2.26] using APR version [1.7.0].
Mar 16,2021 7:47:08 ÖÖ org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener lifecycleEvent
INFO: APR capabilities: IPv6 [true],sendfile [true],accept filters [false],random [true],UDS [true].
Mar 16,2021 7:47:08 ÖÖ org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener initializeSSL
INFO: OpenSSL successfully initialized [OpenSSL 1.1.1i 8 Dec 2020]
Mar 16,2021 7:47:08 ÖÖ org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
INFO: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
Mar 16,2021 7:47:08 ÖÖ org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
INFO: Server initialization in [942] milliseconds
Mar 16,2021 7:47:09 ÖÖ org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService startInternal
INFO: Starting service [Catalina]
Mar 16,2021 7:47:09 ÖÖ org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine startInternal
INFO: Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/10.0.4]
Mar 16,2021 7:47:09 ÖÖ org.apache.catalina.util.SessionIdGeneratorBase createSecureRandom
WARNING: Creation of SecureRandom instance for session ID generation using [SHA1PRNG] took [103] milliseconds.
Mar 16,2021 7:47:12 ÖÖ org.apache.jasper.servlet.TldScanner scanJars
INFO: At least one JAR was scanned for TLDs yet contained no TLDs. Enable debug logging for this logger for a complete list of JARs that were scanned but no TLDs were found in them. Skipping unneeded JARs during scanning can improve startup time and JSP compilation time.
Mar 16,2021 7:47:12 ÖÖ org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
INFO: Marking servlet [fcontroller] as unavailable
Mar 16,2021 7:47:12 ÖÖ org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext loadOnStartup
SEVERE: Servlet [fcontroller] in web application [/SpringMvc] threw load() exception
java.lang.classNotFoundException: com.springframework.web.servlet.dispatcherServlet
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1401)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1224)
at org.apache.catalina.core.DefaultInstanceManager.loadClass(DefaultInstanceManager.java:540)
at org.apache.catalina.core.DefaultInstanceManager.loadClassMaybePrivileged(DefaultInstanceManager.java:521)
at org.apache.catalina.core.DefaultInstanceManager.newInstance(DefaultInstanceManager.java:151)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.loadServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1043)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.load(StandardWrapper.java:984)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.loadOnStartup(StandardContext.java:4851)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5160)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$startChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1384)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$startChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1374)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:264)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.InlineExecutorService.execute(InlineExecutorService.java:75)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.AbstractExecutorService.submit(AbstractExecutorService.java:140)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:909)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:880)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$startChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1384)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$startChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1374)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:264)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.InlineExecutorService.execute(InlineExecutorService.java:75)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.AbstractExecutorService.submit(AbstractExecutorService.java:140)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:909)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:262)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:434)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:930)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:795)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:64)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:564)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:342)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:473)
Mar 16,2021 7:47:12 ÖÖ org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol start
INFO: Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
Mar 16,2021 7:47:12 ÖÖ org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
INFO: Server startup in [3525] milliseconds
我正在使用日食。我的 POM.xml、web.xml、Controller 类和 spring 配置 xml 如下所示：
pom.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>spring</groupId>
<artifactId>SpringMvc</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>SpringMvc Maven Webapp</name>
<!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
<url>http://www.example.com</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/servlet-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>5.3.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>5.3.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.4</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>SpringMvc</finalName>
<pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven
defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</plugin>
<!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.22.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.8.2</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
</project>
web.xml：
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems,Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app>
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<!-- The front controller of this Spring Web application,responsible for handling all application requests -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>fcontroller</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.springframework.web.servlet.dispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/fcontroller-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<!-- Map all requests to the dispatcherServlet for handling -->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>fcontroller</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
fcontroller.xml(spring config xml文件)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.myapp.controllers"></context:component-scan>
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
</beans>
控制器类
package com.myapp.controllers;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
@Controller
public class HomeController {
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String hello() {
return "hello";
}
}
最后我的项目看起来像： enter image description here
解决方法
暂无找到可以解决该程序问题的有效方法，小编努力寻找整理中！
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