如何使用 ad hoc 和 jq 从 json 输出获取操作系统版本

问题描述

这是一个很愚蠢的问题，但有人可以举一个例子（如果可能的话，几个链接可以清楚地理解 jq 使用（我理解官方 jq 文档有点困难））如何获取操作系统名称Debian 来自行 "ansible_distribution_file_variety": "Debian"，来自命令的结果：

ansible all -m setup -a 'filter=ansible_distribution*' -u vagrant --ask-pass

命令的输出为：

{
    "custom_stats": {},"global_custom_stats": {},"plays": [
        {
            "play": {
                "duration": {
                    "end": "2021-03-17T19:44:59.156229Z","start": "2021-03-17T19:44:55.293502Z"
                },"id": "080027fa-0b32-fdef-8eef-000000000007","name": "Ansible Ad-Hoc"
            },"tasks": [
                {
                    "hosts": {
                        "localhost": {
                            "_ansible_no_log": false,"_ansible_verbose_override": true,"action": "setup","ansible_facts": {
                                "ansible_distribution": "Ubuntu","ansible_distribution_file_parsed": true,"ansible_distribution_file_path": "/etc/os-release","ansible_distribution_file_variety": "Debian","ansible_distribution_major_version": "16","ansible_distribution_release": "xenial","ansible_distribution_version": "16.04","discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
                            },"changed": false,"deprecations": [
                                {
                                    "msg": "Distribution Ubuntu 16.04 on host localhost should use /usr/bin/python3,but is using /usr/bin/python for backward compatibility with prior Ansible releases. A future Ansible release will default to using the discovered platform python for this host. See https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/2.9/reference_appendices/interpreter_discovery.html for more information","version": "2.12"
                                }
                            ],"invocation": {
                                "module_args": {
                                    "fact_path": "/etc/ansible/facts.d","filter": "ansible_distribution*","gather_subset": [
                                        "all"
                                    ],"gather_timeout": 10
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    },"task": {
                        "duration": {
                            "end": "2021-03-17T19:44:59.156229Z","start": "2021-03-17T19:44:55.361244Z"
                        },"id": "080027fa-0b32-fdef-8eef-000000000009","name": "setup"
                    }
                }
            ]
        }
    ],"stats": {
        "localhost": {
            "changed": 0,"failures": 0,"ignored": 0,"ok": 1,"rescued": 0,"skipped": 0,"unreachable": 0
        }
    }
}

解决方法

为了避免必须导航到相关对象，您可以让 jq 进行行走：

jq '.. | objects | .ansible_distribution_file_variety // empty' data.json