Xamarin 使用 Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection 形成依赖注入

问题描述

我正在尝试使用标准 Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection NuGet 包设置基本 DI。

目前我正在像这样注册我的依赖项:

public App()
{
    InitializeComponent();
    var serviceCollection = new ServiceCollection();
    ConfigureServices(serviceCollection);
}

private static void ConfigureServices(ServiceCollection serviceCollection)
{
    serviceCollection.AddSingleton<IRestClient>(_ => new RestClient("https://localhost:44379/api/"));
    serviceCollection.AddScoped<ICommHubClient,CommHubClient>();
}

我使用的 viewmodel 需要这样的依赖项:

 public ChatListviewmodel(
        ICommHubClient client,IRestClient restClient
        )

页面代码隐藏文件 (.xaml.cs) 中,我需要提供 viewmodel,但我也需要在那里提供依赖项。

public ChatListPage()
{
     InitializeComponent();
     BindingContext = _viewmodel = new ChatListviewmodel(); //CURRENTLY THROWS ERROR BECAUSE NO DEPENDENCIES ARE PASSED!
}

有谁知道我如何在 Xamarin Forms 中使用 Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection 应用依赖注入(注册和解析)?

解决方法

您还应该在 DI Container 中注册您的 ViewModel,而不仅仅是您的服务:

App.xaml.cs 中将您的代码更改为:

public ServiceProvider ServiceProvider { get; }

public App()
{
    InitializeComponent();
    
    var serviceCollection = new ServiceCollection();
    ConfigureServices(serviceCollection);
    ServiceProvider = serviceCollection.BuildServiceProvider();
    
    MainPage = new ChatListPage();
}

private void ConfigureServices(ServiceCollection serviceCollection)
{
    serviceCollection.AddSingleton<IRestClient>(_ => new RestClient("https://localhost:44379/api/"));
    serviceCollection.AddScoped<ICommHubClient,CommHubClient>();
    serviceCollection.AddTransient<ChatListViewModel>();
}

然后您可以从 ServiceProvider

解析您的 ViewModel
public ChatListPage()
{
    InitializeComponent();
    BindingContext = _viewModel = ((App)Application.Current).ServiceProvider.GetService(typeof(ChatListViewModel)) as ChatListViewModel;
}