问题描述
我在启动一个新的 RAILS 项目时遇到了一些问题，我收到了一个错误，指出缺少文件 /usr/local/share/mime/packages/freedesktop.org.xml。和 mimemagic 依赖有关系，我在 GitHub 上发现了这个关于 mimemagic 版本和许可的问题 - https://github.com/rails/rails/issues/41750
想知道是否有其他人遇到过这个问题，并且可以解释发生了什么。
我使用 rbenv 和 ruby 版本：3.0.0p0（2020-12-25 修订版 95aff21468）[x86_64-darwin19] 和 rails 6.1.3
这是命令行中的错误信息：
Installing railties 6.1.3
Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
current directory: /Users/nico/.rbenv/versions/3.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/3.0.0/gems/mimemagic-0.3.7/ext/mimemagic
/Users/nico/.rbenv/versions/3.0.0/bin/ruby -I/Users/nico/.rbenv/versions/3.0.0/lib/ruby/3.0.0 -rrubygems
/Users/nico/.rbenv/versions/3.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/3.0.0/gems/rake-13.0.3/exe/rake
RUBYARCHDIR\=/Users/nico/.rbenv/versions/3.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/3.0.0/extensions/x86_64-darwin-19/3.0.0/mimemagic-0.3.7
RUBYLIBDIR\=/Users/nico/.rbenv/versions/3.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/3.0.0/extensions/x86_64-darwin-19/3.0.0/mimemagic-0.3.7
rake aborted!
Could not find MIME type database in the following locations: ["/usr/local/share/mime/packages/freedesktop.org.xml","/opt/homebrew/share/mime/packages/freedesktop.org.xml","/usr/share/mime/packages/freedesktop.org.xml"]
Ensure you have either installed the shared-mime-types package for your distribution,or
obtain a version of freedesktop.org.xml and set FREEDESKTOP_MIME_TYPES_PATH to the location of that file.
Tasks: TOP => default
(See full trace by running task with --trace)
rake Failed,exit code 1
谢谢， 妮可
解决方法
在我发布的 GitHub 链接上找到了一些指向 shared-mime-info 的链接，我通过运行以下命令并启动一个新项目解决了该问题：
brew install shared-mime-info
如果您使用的是 ubuntu 操作系统，则可以运行以下命令
sudo apt-get install shared-mime-info