为什么 pwsh.exe 与 Start-Process 结合不直接接受脚本块？

问题描述

为什么 start-process powershell.exe { Read-Host } 有效，而 start-process pwsh.exe { Read-Host } 无效？

我知道 -ArgumentList 的 start-process 开关，但是在转义引号时它使事情变得更加复杂：

PowerShell 7.0.3 和 7.2.0-preview.3：

start-process pwsh.exe -ArgumentList '-Command "& {
    ''Hello World.''
    Read-Host
}"' -Verb RunAs

PowerShell 5.1：

start-process powershell.exe { 
    'Hello World.'
    Read-Host
} -Verb RunAs

---

另一方面，在创建新的 PowerShell 会话时（没有 start-process），仍然可以使用脚本块：

pwsh.exe {
    'Hello World.'
    Read-Host
}

我在这里遗漏了什么还是有更好/不同的方法允许脚本块与脚本的其余部分并行执行？

解决方法

您没有显示错误消息。 Pwsh 默认为 -file，而 powershell 默认为 -command。从 cmd 运行：

pwsh { 'hi there' }
The argument '{' is not recognized as the name of a script file. Check the spelling of 
the name,or if a path was included,verify that the path is correct and try again.

pwsh -command { 'hi there' } 
hi there

使用 start-process -nonewwindow 可以看到错误：

Start-Process -NoNewWindow pwsh.exe { Read-Host }

The argument 'Read-Host' is not recognized as the name of a script file. Check the
spelling of the name,verify that the path is correct and try 
again.

Usage: pwsh[.exe] [-Login] [[-File] <filePath> [args]]
                  [-Command { - | <script-block> [-args <arg-array>]
                                | <string> [<CommandParameters>] } ]
                  [-ConfigurationName <string>] [-CustomPipeName <string>]
                  [-EncodedCommand <Base64EncodedCommand>]
                  [-ExecutionPolicy <ExecutionPolicy>] [-InputFormat {Text | XML}]
                  [-Interactive] [-MTA] [-NoExit] [-NoLogo] [-NonInteractive] [-NoProfile]
                  [-OutputFormat {Text | XML}] [-SettingsFile <filePath>] [-SSHServerMode]
[-STA]
                  [-Version] [-WindowStyle <style>] [-WorkingDirectory <directoryPath>]

       pwsh[.exe] -h | -Help | -? | /?

PowerShell Online Help https://aka.ms/powershell-docs

All parameters are case-insensitive.

"pwsh { 'hi there' } 在 powershell 中有效。我不知道为什么。

.\echoargs { 'hi there' }

Arg 0 is <-encodedCommand>
Arg 1 is <IAAnAGgAaQAgAHQAaABlAHIAZQAnACAA>
Arg 2 is <-inputFormat>
Arg 3 is <xml>
Arg 4 is <-outputFormat>
Arg 5 is <text>

好像会自动运行这个？

pwsh -encodedCommand IAAnAGgAaQAgAHQAaABlAHIAZQAnACAA -inputFormat xml -outputFormat text

,

pwsh 在参数中默认获取文件名。
如果您尝试在 CMD 中运行它，您将看到：

CMD> pwsh { 'Hello!' }
The argument '{' is not recognized as the name of a script file. Check the spelling of the name,verify that the path is correct and try again.

Usage: pwsh[.exe] [-Login] [[-File] <filePath> [args]]
                  [-Command { - | <script-block> [-args <arg-array>]
                                | <string> [<CommandParameters>] } ]
(.. other help from pwsh ..)

这意味着如果您想运行某个命令，您必须在参数中写入 -Command { ... }。

但是你可以像这样为 run pwsh 编写更短的命令：

Start-Process pwsh.exe '-c',{
    'Hello World.'
    Read-Host
}

1. -c 相当于 -Command
2. 脚本块将转换为参数中的有效字符串

,

这是一个使用 start-process (powershell 7) 将脚本块发送到新 pwsh 窗口的工作示例

while(1)
{
    $script ={ write-host 'Hello World.' 
    pause
    }
    start-process -Filepath pwsh.exe -ArgumentList "-Command $script"
    pause
}