问题描述
Python 新手，我正在尝试计算文本文件目录中的字数，并将输出写入单独的文本文件。但是，我想指定条件。因此，如果字数 > 0 是想将计数和文件路径写入一个文件，如果计数为 == 0。我想将计数和文件路径写入一个单独的文件。以下是我到目前为止的代码。我想我已经接近了，但是我对如何处理条件和单独的文件感到困惑。谢谢。
import sys
import os
from collections import Counter
import glob
stdoutOrigin=sys.stdout
sys.stdout = open("log.txt","w")
def count_words_in_dir(dirpath,words,action=None):
for filepath in glob.iglob(os.path.join("path",'*.txt')):
with open(filepath) as f:
data = f.read()
for key,val in words.items():
#print("key is " + key + "\n")
ct = data.count(key)
words[key] = ct
if action:
action(filepath,words)
def print_summary(filepath,words):
for key,val in sorted(words.items()):
print(filepath)
if val > 0:
print('{0}:\t{1}'.format(
key,val))
filepath = sys.argv[1]
keys = ["x","y"]
words = dict.fromkeys(keys,0)
count_words_in_dir(filepath,action=print_summary)
sys.stdout.close()
sys.stdout=stdoutOrigin
解决方法
我强烈建议您不要将 stdout 重新用于将数据写入文件作为程序正常过程的一部分。我也想知道你怎么会有“count
您的代码的主要问题在于这一行：
for filepath in glob.iglob(os.path.join("path",'*.txt')):
字符串常量 "path" 我很确定不属于那里。我想你想要 filepath 代替。我认为这个问题会阻止您的代码工作。
这是您的代码版本，我修复了这些问题并添加了根据计数写入两个不同输出文件的逻辑：
import sys
import os
import glob
out1 = open("/tmp/so/seen.txt","w")
out2 = open("/tmp/so/missing.txt","w")
def count_words_in_dir(dirpath,words,action=None):
for filepath in glob.iglob(os.path.join(dirpath,'*.txt')):
with open(filepath) as f:
data = f.read()
for key,val in words.items():
# print("key is " + key + "\n")
ct = data.count(key)
words[key] = ct
if action:
action(filepath,words)
def print_summary(filepath,words):
for key,val in sorted(words.items()):
whichout = out1 if val > 0 else out2
print(filepath,file=whichout)
print('{0}: {1}'.format(key,val),file=whichout)
filepath = sys.argv[1]
keys = ["country","friend","turnip"]
words = dict.fromkeys(keys,0)
count_words_in_dir(filepath,action=print_summary)
out1.close()
out2.close()
结果：
文件看到的.txt：
/Users/steve/tmp/so/dir/data2.txt
friend: 1
/Users/steve/tmp/so/dir/data.txt
country: 2
/Users/steve/tmp/so/dir/data.txt
friend: 1
文件丢失.txt：
/Users/steve/tmp/so/dir/data2.txt
country: 0
/Users/steve/tmp/so/dir/data2.txt
turnip: 0
/Users/steve/tmp/so/dir/data.txt
turnip: 0
（原谅我使用了一些比你更有趣的搜索词）
,您好，我希望我正确理解了您的问题，此代码将计算您的文件中有多少个不同的单词，并根据条件执行您想要的操作。
import os
all_words = {}
def count(file_path):
with open(file_path,"r") as f:
# for better performance it is a good idea to go line by line through file
for line in f:
# singles out all the words,by splitting string around spaces
words = line.split(" ")
# and checks if word already exists in all_words dictionary...
for word in words:
try:
# ...if it does increment number of repetitions
all_words[word.replace(",","").replace(".","").lower()] += 1
except Exception:
# ...if it doesn't create it and give it number of repetitions 1
all_words[word.replace(","").lower()] = 1
if __name__ == '__main__':
# for every text file in your current directory count how many words it has
for file in os.listdir("."):
if file.endswith(".txt"):
all_words = {}
count(file)
n = len(all_words)
# depending on the number of words do something
if n > 0:
with open("count1.txt","a") as f:
f.write(file + "\n" + str(n) + "\n")
else:
with open("count2.txt","a") as f:
f.write(file + "\n" + str(n) + "\n")
如果你想多次计算同一个单词，你可以将字典中的所有值相加，或者你可以消除 try-except 块并计算那里的每个单词。