如何在函数事件上使用 tix 气球？

问题描述

我有一个程序可以计算突出显示区域的索引长度。我想使用 tix 气球来显示结果。但是为了使用 tix 气球，它需要我将它绑定到一个小部件。与其将其绑定到整个小部件，我只希望气球在调用某个事件时显示一次。

我的程序演示（计算突出显示区域的开始和结束索引）

预期输出 气球将在突出显示区域旁边显示结果

代码

root.mainloop()from tkinter import *

import tkinter.tix as tkx

def print_count(event):
    if text.tag_ranges('sel'):
        global s0,s1
        s0 = text.index("sel.first")
        s1 = text.index("sel.last")
        countstringstart = s0.split('.')[1]
        countstringend = s1.split('.')[1]
        print(countstringstart)
        print(countstringend)
        waitshowballon()

root = tkx.Tk()
global text
text = Text(root)
text.bind('<ButtonRelease-1>',print_count)
text.pack()

def waitshowballon():
    tooltip = tkx.Balloon(root,initwait=100)
    tooltip.bind_widget(text,balloonmsg=s0)

root.mainloop()

解决方法

创建您自己的工具提示。 tix 似乎没有提供位置参数。

创建自己的工具提示比您想象的要简单得多。 This 答案将让您了解如何制作自己的工具提示。

创建一个将索引作为参数的 show 函数。使用 .bbox(index) 获取索引的位置并在所选字母上方显示工具提示。

示例代码：

from tkinter import *

class TextToolTip:

    def __init__(self,root,widget:Text,delay=0):
        
        self.parent = root
        self.delay = delay
        self.widget = widget
        
        self.top = None
        self.pos_x,self.pos_y = 0,0

        self.i0,self.i1 = "",""
        self.after_id = None

        self.msg=''
        
        self.bind()
        
    def bind(self):
        self.parent.bind('<Button>',self.hide)
        self.parent.bind('<Configure>',self.move)
        self.widget.tag_bind('sel','<Enter>',self._display) #  remove this if hover tooltip is not necessary
        self.widget.tag_bind('sel','<Leave>',self.tempHide)
                

    def tempHide(self,event):
        # similar to hide method the only difference is that this does't reset self.i0 and self.i1
        if self.top:
            self.top.destroy()
            self.top = None

    
    def hide(self,event=None):
        # destroys the top level
        if self.top:
            self.top.destroy()
            self.top = None
      
        self.i0,""

    def move(self,event):
        # moves the tooltip along with the window
        if self.top:
            x,y = self.calcPos()
            if x and y:
                self.top.wm_geometry(f"+{x}+{y}")
                
            else:
                self.hide()

    def _display(self,event=None):
        # creates the tool tip
        if self.top is None:
            self.top = Toplevel(self.parent)
            self.top.wm_overrideredirect(True)
            
            label = Label(self.top,text=self.msg,justify='left',background="black",foreground='white',relief='solid',borderwidth=1)

            label.pack()
            
            x,y = self.calcPos()
            if x and y:
                self.top.wm_geometry(f"+{x}+{y}")
                    
            else:
                self.hide()
                return         

    def calcPos(self):  # calculates the position to display the tool tip
        
        try:
            self.widget.update_idletasks()
            b1,b2 = self.widget.bbox(self.i0),self.widget.bbox(self.i1)
            win_x,win_y = self.parent.winfo_x(),self.parent.winfo_y()
            return win_x + ((b2[0]+b1[0])//2),win_y + b1[1]

        except Exception:

            return None,None
            
    def show(self,msg,i0,i1):  
        """ pass in the index and the message (note: must pass a valid index ctrl+a might not provide
                correct index. A simple conditionl stmt to check should do the job.)"""
        if self.top:
            self.hide()

        if self.after_id:
            self.parent.after_cancel(self.after_id)
            self.after_id = None
        
        self.i0,self.i1 = i0,i1
        self.msg = msg
        self.after_id = self.parent.after(self.delay,self._display)
        
        
def print_count(event):
    if text.tag_ranges('sel'):
        global s0,s1
        s0 = text.index("sel.first")
        s1 = text.index("sel.last")
        countstringstart = s0.split('.')[1]
        countstringend = s1.split('.')[1]

        waitshowballon(countstringstart,countstringend)

    else:
        tooltip.hide()    

    
root = Tk()

text = Text(root)
text.bind('<<Selection>>',print_count)
text.pack()

tooltip = TextToolTip(root,text,500)  # pass in the rot,text widget and delay


def waitshowballon(cs,ce):
 
    tooltip.show(f"{cs}-{ce}",s0,s1)

root.mainloop()