问题描述
我的笔记本是dell precision 7740，插了5个SSD，一个是Windows 10系统盘，一个是Ubuntu 20.04（我的日常操作系统）系统盘，还有一个ZFS池，包括三个1TB SSD镜像，存储数据。
安装后，我用了一年没有检查状态，因为三个SSD都是新的，而且在我拿到时状态很好。
最后一张口出了点问题，所以用了sudo zpool status -v，发现有两个有问题，剩下的一个也有很多错误。
sudo zpool status -v
pool: tankmain
state: DEGRADED
status: One or more devices has experienced an error resulting in data corruption. Applications may be affected.
action: Restore the file in question if possible. Otherwise restore the entire pool from backup.
see: http://zfsonlinux.org/msg/ZFS-8000-8A
scan: resilvered 91.2G in 0 days 00:20:39 with 0 errors on Wed Feb 10 17:30:23 2021
config:
NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
tankmain DEGRADED 0 0 0
mirror-0 DEGRADED 28 0 0
nvme-PLEXTORPX-1TM9PGN+_P02952500057 DEGRADED 47 0 220 too many errors
nvme-PLEXTORPX-1TM9PGN+_P02952500063 FAULTED 32 0 2 too many errors
nvme-PLEXTORPX-1TM9PGN+_P02952500220 FAULTED 22 0 3 too many errors
我无法相信这些 SSD 将不再起作用。我检查了智能信息，没有异常。写入的数据单元约为70TB，寿命为640TB。我检查了我的数据，其中一些已损坏。然后我重启我的笔记本电脑，重启后：
sudo zpool status -v
pool: tankmain
state: DEGRADED
status: One or more devices is currently being resilvered. The pool will continue to function,possibly in a degraded state.
action: Wait for the resilver to complete.
scan: resilver in progress since Sun Feb 14 15:38:53 2021 40.5G scanned at 251M/s,11.1G issued at 68.8M/s,755G total 23.1G resilvered,1.47% done,0 days 03:04:30 to go
config:
NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
tankmain DEGRADED 0 0 0
mirror-0 DEGRADED 0 0 0
nvme-PLEXTORPX-1TM9PGN+_P02952500057 DEGRADED 0 0 0 too many errors
nvme-PLEXTORPX-1TM9PGN+_P02952500063 ONLINE 0 0 7 (resilvering)
nvme-PLEXTORPX-1TM9PGN+_P02952500220 ONLINE 0 0 11 (resilvering)
完成resilvering后：
sudo zpool status -v
pool: tankmain
state: DEGRADED
status: One or more devices has experienced an unrecoverable error. An attempt was made to correct the error. Applications are unaffected.
action: Determine if the device needs to be replaced,and clear the errors using 'zpool clear' or replace the device with 'zpool replace'.
see: http://zfsonlinux.org/msg/ZFS-8000-9P
scan: resilvered 83.5G in 0 days 00:10:26 with 0 errors on Sun Feb 14 15:49:19 2021
config:
NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
tankmain DEGRADED 0 0 0
mirror-0 DEGRADED 0 0 0
nvme-PLEXTORPX-1TM9PGN+_P02952500057 DEGRADED 2 0 9 too many errors
nvme-PLEXTORPX-1TM9PGN+_P02952500063 ONLINE 0 0 15
nvme-PLEXTORPX-1TM9PGN+_P02952500220 ONLINE 0 0 19
errors: No known data errors
Then I scrubbed this zpool:
sudo zpool status -v
pool: tankmain
state: DEGRADED
status: One or more devices are faulted in response to persistent errors. Sufficient replicas exist for the pool to continue functioning in a degraded state.
action: Replace the faulted device,or use 'zpool clear' to mark the device repaired.
scan: scrub in progress since Sun Feb 14 15:56:49 2021
209G scanned at 1.76G/s,903M issued at 7.59M/s,755G total
849K repaired,0.12% done,no estimated completion time config:
NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
tankmain DEGRADED 0 0 0
mirror-0 DEGRADED 0 0 0
nvme-PLEXTORPX-1TM9PGN+_P02952500057 DEGRADED 3 0 9 too many errors (repairing)
nvme-PLEXTORPX-1TM9PGN+_P02952500063 FAULTED 32 0 1.90K too many errors (repairing)
nvme-PLEXTORPX-1TM9PGN+_P02952500220 FAULTED 64 0 419 too many errors (repairing)
完成repairing后：
sudo zpool status -v
pool: tankmain
state: DEGRADED
status: One or more devices has experienced an error resulting in data corruption. Applications may be affected.
action: Restore the file in question if possible. Otherwise restore the entire pool from backup.
see: http://zfsonlinux.org/msg/ZFS-8000-8A
scan: scrub repaired 970K in 0 days 00:29:42 with 213 errors on Sun Feb 14 16:26:31 2021 config:
NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
tankmain DEGRADED 0 0 0
mirror-0 DEGRADED 168 0 0
nvme-PLEXTORPX-1TM9PGN+_P02952500057 DEGRADED 327 0 2.34K too many errors
nvme-PLEXTORPX-1TM9PGN+_P02952500063 FAULTED 32 0 690K too many errors
nvme-PLEXTORPX-1TM9PGN+_P02952500220 FAULTED 64 0 682K too many errors
some errors are repaired,but most are not.
然后我重新启动并在 BIOS 中禁用 P02952500057。这次重启到Ubuntu，只挂了两块盘，可以正常读写数据，所有数据都还在，没有损坏。但是 P02952500063 仍然是 DEGRADED，而 P02952500220 是 ONLINE。即使重新启动，一开始都是ONLINE的，但是手动刷洗后，P02952500063再次DEGRADED。 Scrub 可以检测到一些错误，并且都可以修复成功，但是如果再次刷洗，ZFS 仍然可以检测到错误，然后它们都可以修复成功。好像只有一个磁盘在运行，手动清理会将 P02952500063 与 P02952500220 同步一次。我将我的数据转移到了一个安全的地方，销毁了这个 zpool，然后重建了一个，现在使用它没有错误。但我还是担心这种失败会再次发生。
如何找出原因？有什么建议可以避免再次发生这种情况吗？
解决方法
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