无法在外部 tomcat 上部署 spring boot 应用程序

编程问答 2022-05-14

问题描述

我正在尝试将 spring boot 应用程序部署到 external tomcat，我在 catalina.log 文件中收到以下异常，如下所示。

war 文件名是：com#myApp.war。

我想在 url 中将应用程序的上下文路径设置为 com/myApp

http://localhost:8080/com/myApp/healthcheck，因此war文件名是com#myApp.war

 java version is : 1.8 (both application and tomcat)
    tomcat is running on linux server.

08-Apr-2021 15:41:20.326 SEVERE [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWAR Error deploying web application archive [/opt/apache/tomcat/base/webapps/com#myApp.war]
    java.lang.IllegalStateException: Error starting child
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:720)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.access$000(ContainerBase.java:129)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$PrivilegedAddChild.run(ContainerBase.java:150)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$PrivilegedAddChild.run(ContainerBase.java:140)
        at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:688)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:706)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWAR(HostConfig.java:978)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployWar.run(HostConfig.java:1848)
        at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:511)
        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
        at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.InlineExecutorService.execute(InlineExecutorService.java:75)
        at java.util.concurrent.AbstractExecutorService.submit(AbstractExecutorService.java:112)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWARs(HostConfig.java:773)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:427)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.start(HostConfig.java:1576)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.lifecycleEvent(HostConfig.java:309)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:123)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.setStateInternal(LifecycleBase.java:423)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.setState(LifecycleBase.java:366)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:936)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:843)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1384)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1374)
        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
        at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.InlineExecutorService.execute(InlineExecutorService.java:75)
        at java.util.concurrent.AbstractExecutorService.submit(AbstractExecutorService.java:134)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:909)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:262)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:421)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:930)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:772)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:342)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:473)
    Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/com/myApp]]
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.handleSubClassException(LifecycleBase.java:440)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:198)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:717)
        ... 41 more
    Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Cannot instantiate interface org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextInitializer : org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SharedMetadataReaderFactoryContextInitializer
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.createSpringFactoriesInstances(SpringApplication.java:467)
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.getSpringFactoriesInstances(SpringApplication.java:449)
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.getSpringFactoriesInstances(SpringApplication.java:442)
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.<init>(SpringApplication.java:284)
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.<init>(SpringApplication.java:264)
        at org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder.createSpringApplication(SpringApplicationBuilder.java:109)
        at org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder.<init>(SpringApplicationBuilder.java:97)
        at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.support.SpringBootServletInitializer.createSpringApplicationBuilder(SpringBootServletInitializer.java:164)
        at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.support.SpringBootServletInitializer.createRootApplicationContext(SpringBootServletInitializer.java:128)
        at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.support.SpringBootServletInitializer.onStartup(SpringBootServletInitializer.java:95)
        at org.springframework.web.SpringServletContainerInitializer.onStartup(SpringServletContainerInitializer.java:174)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5166)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
        ... 42 more
    Caused by: java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError
        at org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils.<clinit>(BeanUtils.java:80)
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.createSpringFactoriesInstances(SpringApplication.java:463)
        ... 54 more
    Caused by: java.security.AccessControlException: access denied ("java.util.PropertyPermission" "org.graalvm.nativeimage.imagecode" "read")
        at java.security.AccessControlContext.checkPermission(AccessControlContext.java:472)
        at java.security.AccessController.checkPermission(AccessController.java:886)
        at java.lang.SecurityManager.checkPermission(SecurityManager.java:549)
        at java.lang.SecurityManager.checkPropertyAccess(SecurityManager.java:1294)
        at java.lang.System.getProperty(System.java:717)
        at org.springframework.core.DefaultParameterNameDiscoverer.<clinit>(DefaultParameterNameDiscoverer.java:47)
        ... 56 more
08-Apr-2021 15:41:20.329 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWAR Deployment of web application archive [/opt/apache/tomcat/base/webapps/com#myApp.war] has finished in [3,052] ms
08-Apr-2021 15:41:20.331 INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.start Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
08-Apr-2021 15:41:20.348 INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.start Starting ProtocolHandler ["https-jsse-nio2-8443"]
08-Apr-2021 15:41:20.349 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start Server startup in [21648] milliseconds

pom.xml

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

    
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.oracle.ojdbc</groupId>
            <artifactId>ojdbc8</artifactId>
            <version>19.3.0.0</version>
<!--            <scope>provided</scope>-->
        </dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        
    </dependencies>

    <build>
<!--        This gives the final war file name-->

        <finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName>

        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.3</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>


            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.4.2</version>

                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>build-info</id>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>build-info</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

解决方法

您在使用安全管理器时遇到的问题众所周知，并在Tomcat's documentation（强调我的）中得到了最好的总结：

Tomcat 在启用安全管理器的情况下进行了测试；但是大多数 Tomcat 用户没有使用安全管理器运行，因此 Tomcat 在此配置中没有经过良好的用户测试。在安全管理器下运行时会触发并继续报告错误。

如果启用安全管理器，则安全管理器施加的限制可能会破坏大多数应用程序。未经广泛测试，不应使用安全管理器。理想情况下，应在开发周期开始时引入安全管理器的使用，因为跟踪和修复因为成熟应用启用安全管理器而导致的问题可能非常耗时。

您的应用程序将由于 Tomcat 错误、Spring 错误或您自己的应用程序中的错误而中断。关于你目前发现的问题：

  • java.util.PropertyPermission "org.graalvm.nativeimage.imagecode","read" 的问题可能应该被视为 Spring 错误（如 Deinum's comment 中所述）：Spring 可能只在无法访问 org.graalvm.nativeimage.imagecode 属性时才发出警告，立>
  • java.lang.reflect.ReflectPermission "suppressAccessChecks"（在 this version of your question 中）的问题可能是由于您自己的代码造成的。 Spring 尝试通过反射访问私有字段，因为您没有提供公共 setter（参见 ReflectPermission JavaDoc）。堆栈跟踪会告诉您哪个类是罪魁祸首。

我知道与安全管理器一起运行的选择不是您的选择，但现在您必须彻底调试您的应用程序，检查安全异常的含义并决定它们是否是必需的，或者您可以解决它们。

,

当您启动 tomcat 时，它所做的第一件事就是在类路径中搜索 web.xml 文件。 但是，Spring Boot 带有一个嵌入式 tomcat 服务器，可以在您需要使用 ServletInitializer

的外部服务器上运行它
securitymanagerspring-boottomcat

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