问题描述
简短介绍:我喜欢 vim 文本编辑器,也喜欢 python,所以我在 vim 中编写脚本并通过 git-bash 终端运行它们,但是两天前我遇到了一个问题。当我通过 git-bash 终端运行脚本时,出现错误。但是,如果我通过 VSCode 中的集成终端运行脚本,它就可以工作。
首先,我认为我使用了错误的终端编码,然后我在终端中输入了locale,并得到以下输出(见附件A) .当我在 VSCode 终端中输入命令时,得到的输出完全相同,因此不存在问题。
“好吧,它变得有趣了”,我想,并检查了我的 vimrc 配置文件,但它很好(见附件 B)。我需要承认,我以前对编码没有问题,所以我想,问题出在 API 响应中使用的语言中,因为 cp1252 只能表示拉丁字符,而不能表示俄语!那么,有没有人对我该如何修复它有任何建议?
代码:
import requests
import os
api_key = os.getenv('yandex_praktikum_api_key')
HEADERS = {
'Authorization': f'OAuth {api_key}'
}
response = requests.get(
'https://praktikum.yandex.ru/api/user_api/homework_statuses/',params={'from_date': 0},headers=HEADERS
)
print(response.text) # The issue happens here.
User@DESKTOP-CVQ282P MINGW64 ~/Desktop
$ python backpool.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "backpool.py",line 20,in <module>
print(response.text)
File "D:\python3\lib\encodings\cp1252.py",line 19,in encode
return codecs.charmap_encode(input,self.errors,encoding_table)[0]
UnicodeEncodeError: 'charmap' codec can't encode characters in position 63-69: character maps to <undefined>
正确的 API 响应,当我使用 VSCode 集成终端时:
User@DESKTOP-CVQ282P MINGW64 ~/Desktop
$ python backpool.py
{"source":"__response__","code":"not_authenticated","message":"Учетные данные не были предоставлены."}
# As you can see,there is the Russian language
A(语言环境命令):
User@DESKTOP-CVQ282P MINGW64 ~/Desktop
$ locale
LANG=ru_RU.UTF-8
LC_CTYPE="ru_RU.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="ru_RU.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="ru_RU.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="ru_RU.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="ru_RU.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="ru_RU.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=
B(完整的 vimrc):
set nocompatible
filetype off
" Configure expanding of tabs for varIoUs file types
au BufRead,BufNewFile *.py set expandtab
au BufRead,BufNewFile *.c set expandtab
au BufRead,BufNewFile *.h set expandtab
au BufRead,BufNewFile Makefile* set noexpandtab
" Delete all spaces at the end of all lines (PEP8 requirement)
autocmd BufWritePre *.py normal m`:%s/\s\+$//e ``
set backspace=indent,eol,start " always enable to use backspace
set expandtab " enter spaces when tab is pressed
set textwidth=120 " break lines when line length increases
set tabstop=4 " use 4 spaces to represent tab
set softtabstop=4
set shiftwidth=4 " number of spaces to use for auto indent
set autoindent " copy indent from current line when starting a new line
set showtabline=2 " always show tabline (file names)
set nu " show line number to the left
set ruler " show line and column number (at the bottom)
Syntax on " Syntax highlighting
color delek " set theme of Syntax
set showcmd " show (partial) command in status line
" Set path to file finding commands (find in current dir and subdirs)
:set path=.,**
" Encoding and backup settings
set nobackup
set noswapfile
set encoding=utf-8
set termencoding=utf-8
set fileencodings=utf-8,cp1251
" turn relative line numbers on
:set relativenumber
:set rnu
" Cursor editing: set more solid cursor
let &t_SI.="\e[5 q" "SI = INSERT mode
let &t_SR.="\e[4 q" "SR = REPLACE mode
let &t_EI.="\e[1 q" "EI = norMAL mode (ELSE)
P.S. 目前我可以使用 VSCode 运行上面的代码,但不能使用终端。
解决方法
我终于解决了。在 python 和文本编辑器中都没有问题——它是在 Windows 10 编码中,所以我将其更改为 UTF-8。我认为,勇敢的 Windows 工程师绝对应该将默认编码更改为 UTF所有国家/地区,包括俄罗斯。