问题描述
我对 Ruby 真的很陌生，我需要将此库用于特定的 GUI 项目。我正在使用：
- Ubuntu 18.04.5 LTS；
- ruby 2.5.1p57（2018-03-29 修订版 63029）[x86_64-linux-gnu]
我的问题与几个月前描述的一位 this 人相似。我已经尝试了基于 this 博文的 SO 页面上发布的解决方案。
运行后：
sudo apt-get install tcl8.5-dev tk8.5-dev
还有：
sudo gem install tk
我收到以下错误消息：
Building native extensions. This Could take a while...
ERROR: Error installing tk:
ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
current directory: /var/lib/gems/2.5.0/gems/tk-0.4.0/ext/tk
/usr/bin/ruby2.5 -r ./siteconf20210424-11015-1mre8d0.rb extconf.rb
mkmf.rb can't find header files for ruby at /usr/lib/ruby/include/ruby.h
extconf Failed,exit code 1
Gem files will remain installed in /var/lib/gems/2.5.0/gems/tk-0.4.0 for inspection.
Results logged to /var/lib/gems/2.5.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.5.0/tk-0.4.0/gem_make.out
此错误消息与 blog post 中描述的错误消息不同，后者是：
$ gem install tk
Building native extensions. This Could take a while...
ERROR: Error installing tk:
ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
# ...
Search tcl.h
checking for tcl.h... no
Search tk.h
checking for tk.h... no
Search Tcl library............*** extconf.rb Failed ***
# ...
Warning:: cannot find Tcl library. tcltklib will not be compiled (tcltklib is disabled on your Ruby. That is,Ruby/Tk will not work). Please check configure options.
Can't find proper Tcl/Tk libraries. So,can't make tcltklib.so which is required by Ruby/Tk.
If you have Tcl/Tk libraries on your environment,you may be able to use them with configure options (see ext/tk/README.tcltklib).
The gem provides many switches for specifying the configuration parameters,however,the related parameters (--with-tk-lib and --with-tcl-lib) don’t yield the desired effect (actually,any effect at all).
The workaround,originally found in a Ruby forum is to symlink the libraries to the paths where the extension expects
然后，运行后：
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/tcl8.5/tclConfig.sh /usr/lib/
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/tk8.5/tkConfig.sh /usr/lib/
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtcl8.5.so.0 /usr/lib/
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtk8.5.so.0 /usr/lib/
我明白了（可能是因为我之前尝试过相同的步骤）：
ln: Failed to create symbolic link '/usr/lib/libtk8.5.so.0': File exists
最后，运行最后一步不起作用：
sudo gem install tk
并且终端返回如下错误信息：
Building native extensions. This Could take a while...
ERROR: Error installing tk:
ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
current directory: /var/lib/gems/2.5.0/gems/tk-0.4.0/ext/tk
/usr/bin/ruby2.5 -r ./siteconf20210424-21301-8u83wl.rb extconf.rb
mkmf.rb can't find header files for ruby at /usr/lib/ruby/include/ruby.h
extconf Failed,exit code 1
Gem files will remain installed in /var/lib/gems/2.5.0/gems/tk-0.4.0 for inspection.
我该怎么办？
提前致谢。
解决方法
这blog post解决了问题。
运行后：
sudo apt install tk-dev
并安装 Ruby/Tk gem：
gem install tk -- --with-tcltkversion=8.6 \
--with-tcl-lib=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu \
--with-tk-lib=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu \
--with-tcl-include=/usr/include/tcl8.6 \
--with-tk-include=/usr/include/tcl8.6 \
--enable-pthread
一切都解决了。