为不同角色提供资源访问的方法是什么？

问题描述

我正在使用 jwt 令牌在我的项目中配置 spring 安全性。我已成功生成 jwt 令牌并从前端访问它。

在我的 Spring Boot REST APT 中，我有几个带有所有 CRUD 方法的控制器。我想让所有用户甚至公众都可以访问 get 方法，而对于 POST、PUT 和 Delete 我想根据情况仅授予管理员和版主访问权限。但是对于某些 POST 方法，例如查询表单，我想授予所有用户访问权限。

我应该遵循什么方法，我需要写吗

@PreAuthorize("hasRole('USER') or hasRole('MODERATOR') or hasRole('ADMIN')")

对于每个控制器中的每个方法。

现在我只是构建了一个测试页面来检查角色的访问权限。

package com.panchmeru_studio.controller;

import org.springframework.security.access.prepost.PreAuthorize;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.CrossOrigin;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@CrossOrigin(origins = "*",maxAge = 3600)
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/test")
public class TestController {
    @GetMapping("/all")
    public String allAccess() {
        return "Public Content.";
    }
    
    @GetMapping("/user")
    @PreAuthorize("hasRole('USER') or hasRole('MODERATOR') or hasRole('ADMIN')")
    public String userAccess() {
        return "User Content.";
    }

    @GetMapping("/mod")
    @PreAuthorize("hasRole('MODERATOR')")
    public String moderatorAccess() {
        return "Moderator Board.";
    }

    @GetMapping("/admin")
    @PreAuthorize("hasRole('ADMIN')")
    public String adminAccess() {
        return "Admin Board.";
    }
}

Securityconfig.java

package com.panchmeru_studio.security.jwt;

import com.panchmeru_studio.filter.AuthTokenFilter;
import com.panchmeru_studio.security.service.ApplicationUserDetailsService;
import com.panchmeru_studio.security.service.MyUserDetailsService;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.method.configuration.EnableGlobalMethodSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.config.http.SessionCreationPolicy;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter;
import org.springframework.security.web.server.authorization.AuthorizationWebFilter;
import org.springframework.web.cors.CorsConfiguration;
import org.springframework.web.cors.CorsConfigurationSource;
import org.springframework.web.cors.UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource;

import static com.panchmeru_studio.constants.SecurityConstants.SIGN_UP_URL;

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)
public class SecurityConfiguration extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    private MyUserDetailsService userDetailsService;
   // private BCryptPasswordEncoder bCryptPasswordEncoder;
    @Autowired
    private AuthEntryPointJwt unauthorizedHandler;
    @Bean
    public AuthTokenFilter authenticationJwtTokenFilter() {
        return new AuthTokenFilter();
    }

    public SecurityConfiguration(MyUserDetailsService userDetailsService) {
        this.userDetailsService = userDetailsService;
       // this.bCryptPasswordEncoder = bCryptPasswordEncoder;
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.cors().and().csrf().disable()
        .sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS).and()
        .authorizeRequests().antMatchers("/api/auth/**").permitAll()
        .antMatchers("/api/test/**").permitAll()
        .anyRequest().authenticated().and()
    //   .addFilter(new AuthenticationFilter(authenticationManager()))
    //     .addFilter(new AuthorizationFilter(authenticationManager()))
        .exceptionHandling().authenticationEntryPoint(unauthorizedHandler);
       // .authorizeRequests().antMatchers(HttpMethod.POST,SIGN_UP_URL).permitAll()
//                .anyRequest().authenticated()
//                .and()
               
        http.addFilterBefore(authenticationJwtTokenFilter(),UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);
    }
    @Bean
    CorsConfigurationSource corsConfigurationSource() {
        final UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource source = new UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource();
        source.registerCorsConfiguration("/**",new CorsConfiguration().applyPermitDefaultValues());
        return source;
    }

    @Override
    public void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.userDetailsService(userDetailsService).passwordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
    }
    
    @Bean
    public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder()
    {
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }
    


    @Override
    @Bean
    public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception {
        return super.authenticationManagerBean();
    }


}

现在例如我有 10 个控制器，项目，AboutUS，ProjectCategory，gallery 每个都有不同的 url（请求映射），所以，我是否需要将 @PreAuthorize 分配给每个控制器的每个方法，然后将每个控制器的请求映射提供给安全配置以进行授权？

解决方法

如果您只想根据用户角色访问方法，那么您描述的方法是正确的。

由于您使用 JWT 来授权对 API 的访问，因此您可以根据 JWT 中的声明而不是用户个人资料来保护 API。在这样的设置中，您根本不需要访问用户帐户，您可以根据 JWT 中的内容做出所有决定。查看 this example 以了解如何在 Spring API 中进行设置。

java java jwt jwt spring-boot spring-security spring-security-rest