Dart / flutter 小部件测试,无法通过键或文本找到文本小部件

问题描述

我在 ResoCoder 示例中使用 Wea​​therAPI 实现了一个应用程序。我现在想测试是否每个文本小部件都显示正确的信息,但我已经无法找到文本小部件(我使用了本指南 https://resocoder.com/2021/01/02/flutter-integration-test-tutorial-firebase-test-lab-codemagic/)。我尝试使用 find.byKey() (当然之前设置了一些键)和 find.byText() 但没有奏效。

我的测试代码

testWidgets('Infos are displayed',(WidgetTester tester) async {
      await tester.pumpWidget(MaterialApp(home: WeatherScreen()));
      await tester.pump();
      final tempField = find.byKey(ValueKey("temperature"));
      
      expect(tempField,findsOneWidget);
      expect(find.text('humidity'),findsOneWidget);
    });

我总是收到没有找到那些小部件的错误

══╡ EXCEPTION CAUGHT BY FlutteR TEST FRAMEWORK ╞════════════════════════════════════════════════
The following TestFailure object was thrown running a test:
  Expected: exactly one matching node in the widget tree
  Actual: _KeyFinder:<zero widgets with key [<'temperature'>] (ignoring offstage widgets)>
   Which: means none were found but one was expected

还有我的屏幕小部件:

class WeatherScreen extends StatelessWidget {Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      body: Center(
          child: BlocBuilder<WeatherCubit,WeatherBaseState>(
        bloc: WeatherCubit(weatherRepository: WeatherRepository())..getWeather(),builder: (context,state) {
          if (state is LoadingWeather) {
            return CircularProgressIndicator();
          } else if (state is WeatherLoaded) {
            return Column(my widget stuff with text widgets to be found);
}

解决方法

天气屏幕使用 BlocBuilder 并且在测试时,您没有为此小部件提供任何 BLoC。您应该做的是用 BlocProvider 包装您的 MaterialAppWeatherScreen 并提供您的 WeatherCubit,例如:

await tester.pumpWidget(
  MaterialApp(home: 
    BlocProvider<WeatherCubit>.value(
      value: weatherCubit,child: WeatherScreen(),)
  ),);

在此之前,您还应该模拟 weatherCubit 值并定义一个想要的状态。你可以在这里找到一个简单的例子:https://github.com/felangel/bloc/blob/master/examples/flutter_counter/test/counter/view/counter_view_test.dart