尝试在导轨下加载宝石时，LoadError没有此类文件

问题描述

| 当我尝试在Rails控制台中需要一些gem时，出现“没有此类文件”错误。奇怪的是，在irb中要求它们时，我没有收到此错误。 提前致谢。

        $ irb
irb(main):001:0> $LOAD_PATH
=> [\"/usr/local/lib/site_ruby/1.9.1\",\"/usr/local/lib/site_ruby/1.9.1/x86_64-linux\",\"/usr/local/lib/site_ruby\",\"/usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/1.9.1\",\"/usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/1.9.1/x86_64-linux\",\"/usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby\",\"/usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1\",\"/usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/x86_64-linux\"]
        irb(main):002:0> require \'rubygems\'
        => true
        irb(main):003:0> require \'image_science\'
        => true
        irb(main):004:0> require \'mini_magick\'
        => true
        irb(main):005:0> 
        $ rails console
        Loading development environment (Rails 3.0.5)
        irb(main):001:0> require \'rubygems\'
        => nil
        irb(main):002:0> require \'image_science\'
        LoadError: no such file to load -- image_science
            from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-3.0.5/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:239:in `require\'
    ...
            from script/rails:6:in `require\'
            from script/rails:6:in `<main>\'
        irb(main):003:0> require \'mini_magick\'
        LoadError: no such file to load -- mini_magick
            from /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-3.0.5/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:239:in `require\'
    ...
            from script/rails:6:in `require\'
            from script/rails:6:in `<main>\'
        irb(main):004:0> $LOAD_PATH
        => [\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/haml-3.0.25/vendor/fssm/lib\",\"/home/username/appname/lib\",\"/home/username/appname/vendor\",\"/home/username/appname/app/models\",\"/home/username/appname/app/mailers\",\"/home/username/appname/app/helpers\",\"/home/username/appname/app/controllers\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/rails-3.0.5/lib\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.0.5/lib\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/pg-0.10.1/lib\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/pg-0.10.1/ext\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/oauth2-0.1.1/lib\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/multi_json-0.0.5/lib\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/haml-3.0.25/lib\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/faraday-0.5.7/lib\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/multipart-post-1.1.0/lib\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/addressable-2.2.4/lib\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activeresource-3.0.5/lib\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activerecord-3.0.5/lib\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/arel-2.0.9/lib\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/actionmailer-3.0.5/lib\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/mail-2.2.15/lib\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/treetop-1.4.9/lib\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/polyglot-0.3.1/lib\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/mime-types-1.16/lib\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-3.0.5/lib\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/tzinfo-0.3.24/lib\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/rack-test-0.5.7/lib\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/rack-mount-0.6.13/lib\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/rack-1.2.1/lib\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/erubis-2.6.6/lib\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activemodel-3.0.5/lib\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/i18n-0.5.0/lib\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/builder-2.1.2/lib\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-3.0.5/lib\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/abstract-1.0.0/lib\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/bundler-1.0.10/lib\",\"/usr/local/lib/site_ruby/1.9.1\",\"/usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/x86_64-linux\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-3.0.5/lib/action_controller/vendor/html-scanner\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/rack-mount-0.6.13/lib/rack/mount/vendor/multimap\",\"/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/rack-mount-0.6.13/lib/rack/mount/vendor/regin\"]

宝石文件：

source \'http://rubygems.org\'

gem \'rails\',\'3.0.5\'

gem \'pg\'
gem \'oauth2\'
gem \'haml\'

    

解决方法

您不能在Rails中要求Gemfile中没有的gem。您必须将它们包含在Gemfile中，或在需要时指定gem的完整路径，例如

require \"/full/path/to/gem\"

。 这是由于Bundler的工作方式并覆盖了现有的加载路径。如果您在Rails控制台中运行

$LOAD_PATH

，您会发现它与IRB中的区别很大。