问题描述
我希望任何人都可以帮助我看看我是否可以改进这个查询：
环境：
- Oracle 数据库 12cR2
- Linux 红帽 7
- 具有 8 个 CPU 和 32GB RAM 的虚拟机
- 使用 AUTO SAMPLE 和 FOR ALL COLUMNS SIZE AUTO 方法计算最新的统计数据
- 优化器参数是 12.2 的默认参数
原始查询属于第三方软件。正如预期的那样，它正在使用 cross join 来创建 HASH JOINS。原始查询和计划统计信息为：
$ sqlplus /@USERWALLET @original.sql
SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Tue Jun 29 13:19:47 2021
Copyright (c) 1982,2016,Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
SQL> var processingDate number;
SQL> exec :processingDate := 20210621;
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.00
SQL> -- without index
SQL> select distinct 1 as col_0_0_ from ALFATS.FloatingRateRollover floatingra0_
2 cross join ALFATS.FloatingRateDetail floatingra1_
3 cross join ALFATS.FloatingRateInterestCalendar floatingra2_
4 cross join ALFATS.Schedule schedule3_
5 where floatingra0_.agreementNumber=floatingra1_.agreementNumber and
6 floatingra0_.scheduleNumber=floatingra1_.scheduleNumber and
7 floatingra0_.id=floatingra2_.floatingRateRolloverId and
8 floatingra0_.agreementNumber=schedule3_.agreementNumber and
9 floatingra0_.scheduleNumber=schedule3_.scheduleNumber and
10 floatingra0_.terminationNumber=schedule3_.terminationNumber and
11 floatingra0_.adjustmentProcessedIndicator='N' and
12 floatingra2_.processingDate<=:processingDate and
13 floatingra1_.variableRateType='U' and
14 floatingra0_.terminationNumber=0 and
15 schedule3_.scheduleStatus<>'PRE' and
16 not (exists (select 1 from ALFATS.TransactionFailure transactio4_
17 where floatingra0_.agreementNumber=transactio4_.agreementNumber and
18 floatingra0_.scheduleNumber=transactio4_.scheduleNumber and
19 floatingra0_.terminationNumber=transactio4_.terminationNumber))
20 ;
COL_0_0_
----------
1
1 row selected.
Elapsed: 00:00:23.70
Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 3077170061
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes |TempSpc| Cost (%CPU)| Time |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 106K| 15M| | 236K (1)| 00:00:10 |
| 1 | SORT UNIQUE NOSORT | | 106K| 15M| | 236K (1)| 00:00:10 |
|* 2 | HASH JOIN RIGHT ANTI | | 106K| 15M| | 232K (1)| 00:00:10 |
|* 3 | INDEX FAST FULL SCAN | TRANSACTIONFAILURE_NK | 39 | 1170 | | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 |
|* 4 | HASH JOIN SEMI | | 106K| 12M| 10M| 232K (1)| 00:00:10 |
|* 5 | HASH JOIN RIGHT SEMI | | 110K| 9207K| 4608K| 230K (1)| 00:00:10 |
|* 6 | INDEX FAST FULL SCAN| FLOATINGRATEDETAIL_1 | 109K| 3319K| | 724 (1)| 00:00:01 |
|* 7 | HASH JOIN | | 284K| 14M| 6944K| 228K (1)| 00:00:09 |
|* 8 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | FLOATINGRATEINTERESTCALENDAR | 284K| 3608K| | 20338 (1)| 00:00:01 |
|* 9 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | FLOATINGRATEROLLOVER | 29M| 1153M| | 133K (1)| 00:00:06 |
|* 10 | INDEX FAST FULL SCAN | SCHEDULE_L1 | 274K| 9M| | 852 (1)| 00:00:01 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
2 - access("FLOATINGRA0_"."AGREEMENTNUMBER"="TRANSACTIO4_"."AGREEMENTNUMBER" AND
"FLOATINGRA0_"."SCHEDULENUMBER"="TRANSACTIO4_"."SCHEDULENUMBER" AND
"FLOATINGRA0_"."TERMINATIONNUMBER"="TRANSACTIO4_"."TERMINATIONNUMBER")
3 - filter("TRANSACTIO4_"."TERMINATIONNUMBER"=0)
4 - access("FLOATINGRA0_"."AGREEMENTNUMBER"="SCHEDULE3_"."AGREEMENTNUMBER" AND
"FLOATINGRA0_"."SCHEDULENUMBER"="SCHEDULE3_"."SCHEDULENUMBER" AND
"FLOATINGRA0_"."TERMINATIONNUMBER"="SCHEDULE3_"."TERMINATIONNUMBER")
5 - access("FLOATINGRA0_"."AGREEMENTNUMBER"="FLOATINGRA1_"."AGREEMENTNUMBER" AND
"FLOATINGRA0_"."SCHEDULENUMBER"="FLOATINGRA1_"."SCHEDULENUMBER")
6 - filter("FLOATINGRA1_"."VARIABLERATETYPE"=U'U')
7 - access("FLOATINGRA0_"."ID"="FLOATINGRA2_"."FLOATINGRATEROLLOVERID")
8 - filter("FLOATINGRA2_"."PROCESSINGDATE"<=TO_NUMBER(:PROCESSINGDATE))
9 - filter("FLOATINGRA0_"."ADJUSTMENTPROCESSEDINDICATOR"=U'N' AND
"FLOATINGRA0_"."TERMINATIONNUMBER"=0)
10 - filter("SCHEDULE3_"."TERMINATIONNUMBER"=0 AND "SCHEDULE3_"."SCHEDULESTATUS"<>U'PRE')
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
4 recursive calls
0 db block gets
569374 consistent gets
488274 physical reads
484 redo size
542 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
607 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
2 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
0 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
1 rows processed
查看计划后，我尝试通过创建以下两个索引来避免那些 TABLE FULL SCAN：
SQL> CREATE INDEX alfats.FloatingRateRollover_PRF1
ON alfats.FloatingRateRollover (adjustmentProcessedIndicator,agreementNumber,scheduleNumber,terminationNumber,id)
INVISIBLE
COMPUTE STATISTICS;
Index created.
Elapsed: 00:01:58.14
SQL> CREATE INDEX alfats.FloatingRateInterestCalendar_PRF2
ON alfats.FloatingRateInterestCalendar (floatingRateRolloverId,processingDate)
INVISIBLE
COMPUTE STATISTICS;
Index created.
Elapsed: 00:00:06.60
此后，查询改进，它在所有涉及的表中通过 INDEX FAST FULL SCAN 访问，但仍然需要时间
$ sqlplus /@USERWALLET @original_with_indexes.sql
SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Tue Jun 29 13:24:27 2021
Copyright (c) 1982,Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
SQL> var processingDate number;
SQL> exec :processingDate := 20210621;
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.00
SQL> alter session set optimizer_use_invisible_indexes=true;
Session altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.00
SQL> select distinct 1 as col_0_0_ from ALFATS.FloatingRateRollover floatingra0_
2 cross join ALFATS.FloatingRateDetail floatingra1_
3 cross join ALFATS.FloatingRateInterestCalendar floatingra2_
4 cross join ALFATS.Schedule schedule3_
5 where floatingra0_.agreementNumber=floatingra1_.agreementNumber and
6 floatingra0_.scheduleNumber=floatingra1_.scheduleNumber and
7 floatingra0_.id=floatingra2_.floatingRateRolloverId and
8 floatingra0_.agreementNumber=schedule3_.agreementNumber and
9 floatingra0_.scheduleNumber=schedule3_.scheduleNumber and
10 floatingra0_.terminationNumber=schedule3_.terminationNumber and
11 floatingra0_.adjustmentProcessedIndicator='N' and
12 floatingra2_.processingDate<=:processingDate and
13 floatingra1_.variableRateType='U' and
14 floatingra0_.terminationNumber=0 and
15 schedule3_.scheduleStatus<>'PRE' and
16 not (exists (select 1 from ALFATS.TransactionFailure transactio4_
17 where floatingra0_.agreementNumber=transactio4_.agreementNumber and
18 floatingra0_.scheduleNumber=transactio4_.scheduleNumber and
19 floatingra0_.terminationNumber=transactio4_.terminationNumber))
20 ;
COL_0_0_
----------
1
1 row selected.
Elapsed: 00:00:10.95
Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 1805021994
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes |TempSpc| Cost (%CPU)| Time |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 106K| 15M| | 149K (1)| 00:00:06 |
| 1 | SORT UNIQUE NOSORT | | 106K| 15M| | 149K (1)| 00:00:06 |
|* 2 | HASH JOIN RIGHT ANTI | | 106K| 15M| | 145K (1)| 00:00:06 |
|* 3 | INDEX FAST FULL SCAN | TRANSACTIONFAILURE_NK | 39 | 1170 | | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 |
|* 4 | HASH JOIN SEMI | | 106K| 12M| 10M| 145K (1)| 00:00:06 |
|* 5 | HASH JOIN RIGHT SEMI | | 110K| 9207K| 4608K| 143K (1)| 00:00:06 |
|* 6 | INDEX FAST FULL SCAN | FLOATINGRATEDETAIL_1 | 109K| 3319K| | 724 (1)| 00:00:01 |
|* 7 | HASH JOIN | | 284K| 14M| 6944K| 141K (1)| 00:00:06 |
|* 8 | INDEX FAST FULL SCAN| FLOATINGRATEINTERESTCALENDAR_PRF2 | 284K| 3608K| | 5050 (2)| 00:00:01 |
|* 9 | INDEX FAST FULL SCAN| FLOATINGRATEROLLOVER_PRF1 | 29M| 1153M| | 62326 (1)| 00:00:03 |
|* 10 | INDEX FAST FULL SCAN | SCHEDULE_L1 | 274K| 9M| | 852 (1)| 00:00:01 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
2 - access("FLOATINGRA0_"."AGREEMENTNUMBER"="TRANSACTIO4_"."AGREEMENTNUMBER" AND
"FLOATINGRA0_"."SCHEDULENUMBER"="TRANSACTIO4_"."SCHEDULENUMBER" AND
"FLOATINGRA0_"."TERMINATIONNUMBER"="TRANSACTIO4_"."TERMINATIONNUMBER")
3 - filter("TRANSACTIO4_"."TERMINATIONNUMBER"=0)
4 - access("FLOATINGRA0_"."AGREEMENTNUMBER"="SCHEDULE3_"."AGREEMENTNUMBER" AND
"FLOATINGRA0_"."SCHEDULENUMBER"="SCHEDULE3_"."SCHEDULENUMBER" AND
"FLOATINGRA0_"."TERMINATIONNUMBER"="SCHEDULE3_"."TERMINATIONNUMBER")
5 - access("FLOATINGRA0_"."AGREEMENTNUMBER"="FLOATINGRA1_"."AGREEMENTNUMBER" AND
"FLOATINGRA0_"."SCHEDULENUMBER"="FLOATINGRA1_"."SCHEDULENUMBER")
6 - filter("FLOATINGRA1_"."VARIABLERATETYPE"=U'U')
7 - access("FLOATINGRA0_"."ID"="FLOATINGRA2_"."FLOATINGRATEROLLOVERID")
8 - filter("FLOATINGRA2_"."PROCESSINGDATE"<=TO_NUMBER(:PROCESSINGDATE))
9 - filter("FLOATINGRA0_"."ADJUSTMENTPROCESSEDINDICATOR"=U'N' AND "FLOATINGRA0_"."TERMINATIONNUMBER"=0)
10 - filter("SCHEDULE3_"."TERMINATIONNUMBER"=0 AND "SCHEDULE3_"."SCHEDULESTATUS"<>U'PRE')
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
0 recursive calls
0 db block gets
257732 consistent gets
0 physical reads
6224 redo size
542 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
607 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
2 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
0 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
1 rows processed
我的最后一次尝试是尝试通过使用 JOIN/ON 语法将其中一些 cross joins 转换为 inner joins 来重写查询。我有更好的时间，但计划看起来一样。我在服务器中使用不同级别的负载运行了多次测试，但我仍然在下面的查询中获得了更好的时间，即使计划看起来相同。
SQL> select distinct 1 as col_0_0_ from
2 ALFATS.FloatingRateRollover t0
3 inner join ALFATS.FloatingRateDetail t1
4 on ( t0.agreementNumber=t1.agreementNumber
5 and
6 t0.scheduleNumber=t1.scheduleNumber
7 and
8 t0.adjustmentProcessedIndicator='N'
9 and
10 t0.terminationNumber=0
11 and
12 t1.variableRateType='U'
13 )
14 inner join ALFATS.Schedule t3
15 on (
16 t0.agreementNumber=t3.agreementNumber
17 and
18 t0.scheduleNumber=t3.scheduleNumber
19 and
20 t0.terminationNumber=t3.terminationNumber
21 and
22 t3.scheduleStatus<>'PRE'
23 )
24 inner join ALFATS.FloatingRateInterestCalendar t2
25 on (
26 t0.id = t2.floatingRateRolloverId
27 and
28 t2.processingDate<=:processingDate
29 ) where
30 not (exists (select 1 from ALFATS.TransactionFailure t4
31 where t0.agreementNumber=t4.agreementNumber and
32 t0.scheduleNumber=t4.scheduleNumber and
33 t0.terminationNumber=t4.terminationNumber)
34 )
35 ;
1 row selected.
Elapsed: 00:00:07.93
Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 1805021994
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes |TempSpc| Cost (%CPU)| Time |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 106K| 15M| | 149K (1)| 00:00:06 |
| 1 | SORT UNIQUE NOSORT | | 106K| 15M| | 149K (1)| 00:00:06 |
|* 2 | HASH JOIN RIGHT ANTI | | 106K| 15M| | 145K (1)| 00:00:06 |
|* 3 | INDEX FAST FULL SCAN | TRANSACTIONFAILURE_NK | 39 | 1170 | | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 |
|* 4 | HASH JOIN SEMI | | 106K| 12M| 10M| 145K (1)| 00:00:06 |
|* 5 | HASH JOIN RIGHT SEMI | | 110K| 9207K| 4608K| 143K (1)| 00:00:06 |
|* 6 | INDEX FAST FULL SCAN | FLOATINGRATEDETAIL_1 | 109K| 3319K| | 724 (1)| 00:00:01 |
|* 7 | HASH JOIN | | 284K| 14M| 6944K| 141K (1)| 00:00:06 |
|* 8 | INDEX FAST FULL SCAN| FLOATINGRATEINTERESTCALENDAR_PRF2 | 284K| 3608K| | 5050 (2)| 00:00:01 |
|* 9 | INDEX FAST FULL SCAN| FLOATINGRATEROLLOVER_PRF1 | 29M| 1153M| | 62326 (1)| 00:00:03 |
|* 10 | INDEX FAST FULL SCAN | SCHEDULE_L1 | 274K| 9M| | 852 (1)| 00:00:01 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
2 - access("T0"."AGREEMENTNUMBER"="T4"."AGREEMENTNUMBER" AND "T0"."SCHEDULENUMBER"="T4"."SCHEDULENUMBER"
AND "T0"."TERMINATIONNUMBER"="T4"."TERMINATIONNUMBER")
3 - filter("T4"."TERMINATIONNUMBER"=0)
4 - access("T0"."AGREEMENTNUMBER"="T3"."AGREEMENTNUMBER" AND "T0"."SCHEDULENUMBER"="T3"."SCHEDULENUMBER"
AND "T0"."TERMINATIONNUMBER"="T3"."TERMINATIONNUMBER")
5 - access("T0"."AGREEMENTNUMBER"="T1"."AGREEMENTNUMBER" AND "T0"."SCHEDULENUMBER"="T1"."SCHEDULENUMBER")
6 - filter("T1"."VARIABLERATETYPE"=U'U')
7 - access("T0"."ID"="T2"."FLOATINGRATEROLLOVERID")
8 - filter("T2"."PROCESSINGDATE"<=TO_NUMBER(:PROCESSINGDATE))
9 - filter("T0"."ADJUSTMENTPROCESSEDINDICATOR"=U'N' AND "T0"."TERMINATIONNUMBER"=0)
10 - filter("T3"."TERMINATIONNUMBER"=0 AND "T3"."SCHEDULESTATUS"<>U'PRE')
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
0 recursive calls
0 db block gets
257573 consistent gets
0 physical reads
1288 redo size
542 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
608 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
2 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
0 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
1 rows processed
更新
根据要求，这里是原始查询的 SQL MONITOR 的详细信息
Global Stats
=================================================
| Elapsed | Cpu | Other | Fetch | Buffer |
| Time(s) | Time(s) | Waits(s) | Calls | Gets |
=================================================
| 11 | 11 | 0.05 | 2 | 266K |
=================================================
SQL Plan Monitoring Details (Plan Hash Value=768763834)
=======================================================================================================================================================================
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Cost | Time | Start | Execs | Rows | Mem | Activity | Activity Detail |
| | | | (Estim) | | Active(s) | Active | | (Actual) | (Max) | (%) | (# samples) |
=======================================================================================================================================================================
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | | | 6 | +6 | 1 | 1 | . | | |
| 1 | SORT UNIQUE NOSORT | | 869K | 192K | 6 | +6 | 1 | 1 | . | | |
| 2 | HASH JOIN RIGHT ANTI | | 869K | 163K | 6 | +6 | 1 | 61 | 1MB | | |
| 3 | INDEX FAST FULL SCAN | TRANSACTIONFAILURE_NK | 42 | 4 | 1 | +6 | 1 | 42 | . | | |
| 4 | HASH JOIN RIGHT SEMI | | 869K | 163K | 6 | +6 | 1 | 70 | 22MB | | |
| 5 | INDEX FAST FULL SCAN | SCHEDULE_L1 | 276K | 856 | 1 | +6 | 1 | 279K | . | | |
| 6 | HASH JOIN RIGHT SEMI | | 901K | 157K | 6 | +6 | 1 | 70 | 10MB | | |
| 7 | INDEX FAST FULL SCAN | FLOATINGRATEDETAIL_1 | 110K | 728 | 1 | +6 | 1 | 110K | . | | |
| 8 | HASH JOIN | | 2M | 149K | 11 | +1 | 1 | 70 | 108MB | | |
| 9 | INDEX FAST FULL SCAN | FLOATINGRATEINTERESTCALENDAR_PRF2 | 2M | 5039 | 1 | +6 | 1 | 2M | . | | |
| 10 | INDEX FAST FULL SCAN | FLOATINGRATEROLLOVER_PRF1 | 30M | 66438 | 9 | +3 | 1 | 30M | . | | |
=======================================================================================================================================================================
并监视我使用 JOIN / ON 语法更改的查询报告
Global Stats
=================================================
| Elapsed | Cpu | Other | Fetch | Buffer |
| Time(s) | Time(s) | Waits(s) | Calls | Gets |
=================================================
| 9 | 9 | 0.01 | 2 | 266K |
=================================================
SQL Plan Monitoring Details (Plan Hash Value=768763834)
=======================================================================================================================================================================
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Cost | Time | Start | Execs | Rows | Mem | Activity | Activity Detail |
| | | | (Estim) | | Active(s) | Active | | (Actual) | (Max) | (%) | (# samples) |
=======================================================================================================================================================================
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | | | 5 | +6 | 1 | 1 | . | | |
| 1 | SORT UNIQUE NOSORT | | 869K | 192K | 5 | +6 | 1 | 1 | . | | |
| 2 | HASH JOIN RIGHT ANTI | | 869K | 163K | 5 | +6 | 1 | 61 | 1MB | | |
| 3 | INDEX FAST FULL SCAN | TRANSACTIONFAILURE_NK | 42 | 4 | 7 | +0 | 1 | 42 | . | | |
| 4 | HASH JOIN RIGHT SEMI | | 869K | 163K | 5 | +6 | 1 | 70 | 22MB | | |
| 5 | INDEX FAST FULL SCAN | SCHEDULE_L1 | 276K | 856 | 1 | +6 | 1 | 279K | . | | |
| 6 | HASH JOIN RIGHT SEMI | | 901K | 157K | 5 | +6 | 1 | 70 | 10MB | | |
| 7 | INDEX FAST FULL SCAN | FLOATINGRATEDETAIL_1 | 110K | 728 | 1 | +6 | 1 | 110K | . | | |
| 8 | HASH JOIN | | 2M | 149K | 9 | +2 | 1 | 70 | 108MB | | |
| 9 | INDEX FAST FULL SCAN | FLOATINGRATEINTERESTCALENDAR_PRF2 | 2M | 5039 | 6 | +1 | 1 | 2M | . | | |
| 10 | INDEX FAST FULL SCAN | FLOATINGRATEROLLOVER_PRF1 | 30M | 66438 | 8 | +3 | 1 | 30M | . | | |
=======================================================================================================================================================================
正如您在监视器中看到的那样，两个查询都使用相同的 PLAN HASH VALUE，因此 CBO 对它们使用相同的计划来解释它们确实是相同的查询。尽管如此，我总是使用 JOIN / ON 语法进行查询，但老实说我不明白为什么。
我的问题是是否有一种更简单的方法来改进这个查询，同时考虑到数量。当计划和成本（包括访问路径和谓词信息）相同时，理解为什么使用 JOIN / ON 语法的查询在性能上表现更好会很好。
提前致谢。
解决方法
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