问题描述
我正在测试用户的创建，但由于给出了 TypeError: expected str,bytes or os.pathLike object,not nonetype 的错误，测试还没有达到失败的测试。
我在使用 AbstractUser 时使用 pass 进行迁移，在 migrations/0001initial.py 文件中提供以下内容：
# Generated by Django 3.1.4 on 2021-07-12 15:00
import django.contrib.auth.models
import django.contrib.auth.validators
from django.db import migrations,models
import django.utils.timezone
class Migration(migrations.Migration):
initial = True
dependencies = [
('auth','0012_alter_user_first_name_max_length'),]
operations = [
migrations.CreateModel(
name='User',fields=[
('id',models.AutoField(auto_created=True,primary_key=True,serialize=False,verbose_name='ID')),('password',models.CharField(max_length=128,verbose_name='password')),('last_login',models.DateTimeField(blank=True,null=True,verbose_name='last login')),('is_superuser',models.BooleanField(default=False,help_text='Designates that this user has all permissions without explicitly assigning them.',verbose_name='superuser status')),('username',models.CharField(error_messages={'unique': 'A user with that username already exists.'},help_text='required. 150 characters or fewer. Letters,digits and @/./+/-/_ only.',max_length=150,unique=True,validators=[django.contrib.auth.validators.UnicodeUsernameValidator()],verbose_name='username')),('first_name',models.CharField(blank=True,verbose_name='first name')),('last_name',verbose_name='last name')),('email',models.EmailField(blank=True,max_length=254,verbose_name='email address')),('is_staff',help_text='Designates whether the user can log into this admin site.',verbose_name='staff status')),('is_active',models.BooleanField(default=True,help_text='Designates whether this user should be treated as active. Unselect this instead of deleting accounts.',verbose_name='active')),('date_joined',models.DateTimeField(default=django.utils.timezone.Now,verbose_name='date joined')),('groups',models.ManyToManyField(blank=True,help_text='The groups this user belongs to. A user will get all permissions granted to each of their groups.',related_name='user_set',related_query_name='user',to='auth.Group',verbose_name='groups')),('user_permissions',help_text='Specific permissions for this user.',to='auth.Permission',verbose_name='user permissions')),],options={
'verbose_name': 'user','verbose_name_plural': 'users','abstract': False,},managers=[
('objects',django.contrib.auth.models.UserManager()),),]
我使用的测试用例如下：
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
from rest_framework import status
from rest_framework.reverse import reverse
from rest_framework.test import APITestCase
PASSWORD = 'pAssw0rd!'
class AuthenticationTest(APITestCase):
def test_user_can_sign_up(self):
response = self.client.post(reverse('sign_up'),data={
'username': 'user@example.com','first_name': 'Test','last_name': 'User','password1': PASSWORD,'password2': PASSWORD,})
user = get_user_model().objects.last()
self.assertEqual(status.HTTP_201_CREATED,response.status_code)
self.assertEqual(response.data['id'],user.id)
self.assertEqual(response.data['username'],user.username)
self.assertEqual(response.data['first_name'],user.first_name)
self.assertEqual(response.data['last_name'],user.last_name)
所以当我运行 python manage.py test trips.tests 时，我收到了这个回溯错误：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/roddelaporte/Documents/code/uber/server/manage.py",line 22,in <module>
main()
File "/Users/roddelaporte/Documents/code/uber/server/manage.py",line 18,in main
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "/Users/roddelaporte/Documents/code/uber/env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py",line 401,in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/Users/roddelaporte/Documents/code/uber/env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py",line 395,in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/Users/roddelaporte/Documents/code/uber/env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/test.py",line 23,in run_from_argv
super().run_from_argv(argv)
File "/Users/roddelaporte/Documents/code/uber/env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py",line 330,in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args,**cmd_options)
File "/Users/roddelaporte/Documents/code/uber/env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py",line 371,in execute
output = self.handle(*args,**options)
File "/Users/roddelaporte/Documents/code/uber/env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/test.py",line 53,in handle
failures = test_runner.run_tests(test_labels)
File "/Users/roddelaporte/Documents/code/uber/env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/test/runner.py",line 693,in run_tests
suite = self.build_suite(test_labels,extra_tests)
File "/Users/roddelaporte/Documents/code/uber/env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/test/runner.py",line 579,in build_suite
tests = self.test_loader.discover(start_dir=label,**kwargs)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/unittest/loader.py",line 306,in discover
os.path.dirname((the_module.__file__)))
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/posixpath.py",line 152,in dirname
p = os.fspath(p)
TypeError: expected str,not nonetype
知道为什么要抛出这个 nonetype 吗？？
编辑：这是文件树
server
|-- manage.py
|-- trips
| |-- __init__.py
| |-- __pycache__
| | |-- __init__.cpython-39.pyc
| | |-- admin.cpython-39.pyc
| | `-- models.cpython-39.pyc
| |-- admin.py
| |-- apps.py
| |-- migrations
| | |-- 0001_initial.py
| | |-- __init__.py
| | `-- __pycache__
| | |-- 0001_initial.cpython-39.pyc
| | `-- __init__.cpython-39.pyc
| |-- models.py
| |-- tests
| | `-- test_http.py
| `-- views.py
`-- uber
|-- __init__.py
|-- __pycache__
| |-- __init__.cpython-39.pyc
| |-- routing.cpython-39.pyc
| |-- settings.cpython-39.pyc
| |-- urls.cpython-39.pyc
| `-- wsgi.cpython-39.pyc
|-- asgi.py
|-- routing.py
|-- settings.py
|-- urls.py
`-- wsgi.py
编辑二：
我错过了 __init__py 目录中的 tests 文件。但是我仍然遇到相同的错误，使用不同的回溯：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/roddelaporte/Documents/code/uber/server/manage.py",line 695,in run_tests
old_config = self.setup_databases(aliases=databases)
File "/Users/roddelaporte/Documents/code/uber/env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/test/runner.py",line 614,in setup_databases
return _setup_databases(
File "/Users/roddelaporte/Documents/code/uber/env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/test/utils.py",line 157,in setup_databases
test_databases,mirrored_aliases = get_unique_databases_and_mirrors(aliases)
File "/Users/roddelaporte/Documents/code/uber/env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/test/utils.py",line 258,in get_unique_databases_and_mirrors
default_sig = connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS].creation.test_db_signature()
File "/Users/roddelaporte/Documents/code/uber/env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/creation.py",line 313,in test_db_signature
self._get_test_db_name(),File "/Users/roddelaporte/Documents/code/uber/env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/creation.py",line 171,in _get_test_db_name
return TEST_DATABASE_PREFIX + self.connection.settings_dict['NAME']
TypeError: can only concatenate str (not "nonetype") to str
解决方法
错误是因为我忘记导出 Postgres 值，如下所示：
$ export PGDATABASE=dbname
$ export PGUSER=dbuser
$ export PGPASSWORD=dbpassword