问题描述
From thedocs Note that params output from urlencode is encoded to bytes before it is sent to urlopen as data:
data = urllib.parse.urlencode(d).encode("utf-8")
req = urllib.request.Request(url)
with urllib.request.urlopen(req,data=data) as f:
resp = f.read()
print(resp)
解决方法
我正在尝试将有效的Python 2.7代码转换为Python 3代码,并且从urllib请求模块收到类型错误。
我使用内置的2to3 Python工具来转换以下工作的urllib和urllib2 Python 2.7代码:
import urllib2
import urllib
url = "https://www.customdomain.com"
d = dict(parameter1="value1",parameter2="value2")
req = urllib2.Request(url,data=urllib.urlencode(d))
f = urllib2.urlopen(req)
resp = f.read()
2to3模块的输出为以下Python 3代码:
import urllib.request,urllib.error,urllib.parse
url = "https://www.customdomain.com"
d = dict(parameter1="value1",parameter2="value2")
req = urllib.request.Request(url,data=urllib.parse.urlencode(d))
f = urllib.request.urlopen(req)
resp = f.read()
运行Python 3代码时,会产生以下错误:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-56-206954140899> in <module>()
5
6 req = urllib.request.Request(url,data=urllib.parse.urlencode(d))
----> 7 f = urllib.request.urlopen(req)
8 resp = f.read()
C:\Users\Admin\Anaconda3\lib\urllib\request.py in urlopen(url,data,timeout,cafile,capath,cadefault,context)
159 else:
160 opener = _opener
--> 161 return opener.open(url,timeout)
162
163 def install_opener(opener):
C:\Users\Admin\Anaconda3\lib\urllib\request.py in open(self,fullurl,timeout)
459 for processor in self.process_request.get(protocol,[]):
460 meth = getattr(processor,meth_name)
--> 461 req = meth(req)
462
463 response = self._open(req,data)
C:\Users\Admin\Anaconda3\lib\urllib\request.py in do_request_(self,request)
1110 msg = "POST data should be bytes or an iterable of bytes. " \
1111 "It cannot be of type str."
-> 1112 raise TypeError(msg)
1113 if not request.has_header('Content-type'):
1114 request.add_unredirected_header(
TypeError: POST data should be bytes or an iterable of bytes. It cannot be of type str.
我还阅读了另外两个票证(ticket1和ticket2),其中提到了对日期进行编码。
当我将行更改为时f = urllib.request.urlopen(req)
,f =
urllib.request.urlopen(req.encode('utf-8'))
收到以下错误:AttributeError: 'Request'
object has no attribute 'encode'
我对如何使Python 3代码工作感到困惑。请你帮助我好吗?