循环跳过多个迭代

问题描述

for用于iter(song)循环;您可以在自己的代码中执行此操作,然后在循环内推进迭代器;iter()再次调用iterable只会返回相同的iterable对象,因此您可以for在下一次迭代中紧跟着在循环内推进iterable 。

通过next()函数推进迭代器; 它可以在Python 2和3中正常工作,而无需调整语法:

song = ['always', 'look', 'on', 'the', 'bright', 'side', 'of', 'life']
song_iter = iter(song)
for sing in song_iter:
    print sing
    if sing == 'look':
        next(song_iter)
        next(song_iter)
        next(song_iter)
        print 'a' + next(song_iter)

通过提高print sing阵容,我们也可以避免重复自己。

如果可迭代的值超出范围,则使用next()这种方法 引发stopiteration异常。

您可以捕获该异常,但是提供next()第二个参数(忽略该异常并返回认值的认值)会更容易:

song = ['always', 'look', 'on', 'the', 'bright', 'side', 'of', 'life']
song_iter = iter(song)
for sing in song_iter:
    print sing
    if sing == 'look':
        next(song_iter, None)
        next(song_iter, None)
        next(song_iter, None)
        print 'a' + next(song_iter, '')

我通常会itertools.islice()跳过3个元素;保存重复的next()呼叫:

from itertools import islice

song = ['always', 'look', 'on', 'the', 'bright', 'side', 'of', 'life']
song_iter = iter(song)
for sing in song_iter:
    print sing
    if sing == 'look':
        print 'a' + next(islice(song_iter, 3, 4), '')

islice(song_iter, 3, 4)迭代将跳过3个元素,然后返回4,然后来完成。next()因此,调用该对象会从中检索第4个元素song_iter()

演示:

>>> from itertools import islice
>>> song = ['always', 'look', 'on', 'the', 'bright', 'side', 'of', 'life']
>>> song_iter = iter(song)
>>> for sing in song_iter:
...     print sing
...     if sing == 'look':
...         print 'a' + next(islice(song_iter, 3, 4), '')
... 
always
look
aside
of
life

解决方法

我有一个循环列表,look到达后我想跳过3个元素。在此答案中,提出了一些建议,但我未能充分利用它们:

song = ['always','look','on','the','bright','side','of','life']
for sing in song:
    if sing == 'look':
        print sing
        continue
        continue
        continue
        continue
        print 'a' + sing
    print sing

四次continue当然是胡说八道,而四次next()是行不通的。

输出应如下所示:

always
look
aside
of
life