一、准备工作
[root@kickstart~]#iptables-nL ChainINPUT(policyACCEPT) targetprotoptsourcedestination ChainFORWARD(policyACCEPT) targetprotoptsourcedestination ChainOUTPUT(policyACCEPT) targetprotoptsourcedestination [root@kickstart~]#getenforce Disabled [root@kickstart~]#crontab-l 0****/usr/sbin/ntpdate210.72.145.4464.147.116.229time.nist.gov [root@kickstart~]#hostname kickstart.contoso.com
相关服务器及服务说明如下：
| 角色 | IP地址 | 服务 | 说明 |
| Kickstart服务器 | 192.168.49.201 | apache,dhcp,tftp,kickstart | VMware NAT网络 |
| Centos客户端 | 192.168.49.4 | 待安装操作系统，pxe启动 |
二、安装过程
1、挂载CentOS 6.5系统盘
[root@kickstart~]#mount/dev/sr0/mnt mount:blockdevice/dev/sr0iswrite-protected,mountingread-only [root@kickstart~]#mount /dev/sda3on/typeext4(rw) procon/proctypeproc(rw) sysfson/systypesysfs(rw) devptson/dev/ptstypedevpts(rw,gid=5,mode=620) tmpfson/dev/shmtypetmpfs(rw) /dev/sda1on/boottypeext4(rw) noneon/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misctypebinfmt_misc(rw) /dev/sr0on/mnttypeiso9660(ro)
2、安装apache并启动服务
[root@kickstart~]#yum-yinstallhttpd [root@kickstart~]#rpm-qa|grephttpd httpd-tools-2.2.15-59.el6.centos.x86_64 httpd-2.2.15-59.el6.centos.x86_64 [root@kickstart~]#/etc/init.d/httpdstart
待服务启动后，将/mnt下的光盘文件拷贝到/var/www/html中去（当然也可以省略这一步，可以配置apache的根目录为/mnt即可，这里为了不去修改apache配置所以添加该步骤）：
cp-aR/mnt/*/var/www/html [root@kickstart~]#ll/var/www/html/ total324 -r--r--r--1rootroot14Nov292013CentOS_BuildTag dr-xr-xr-x3rootroot4096Nov292013EFI -r--r--r--1rootroot212Nov282013EULA -r--r--r--1rootroot18009Nov282013GPL dr-xr-xr-x3rootroot4096Nov292013images dr-xr-xr-x2rootroot4096Nov292013isolinux -rw-r--r--1rootroot1126Jul1401:58ks.cfg dr-xr-xr-x2rootroot258048Nov292013Packages -r--r--r--1rootroot1354Nov282013RELEASE-NOTES-en-US.html dr-xr-xr-x2rootroot4096Nov292013repodata -r--r--r--1rootroot1706Nov282013RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 -r--r--r--1rootroot1730Nov282013RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Debug-6 -r--r--r--1rootroot1730Nov282013RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Security-6 -r--r--r--1rootroot1734Nov282013RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-6 -r--r--r--1rootroot3380Nov292013TRANS.TBL
3、安装tftp-server，并启用tftp服务
[root@kickstart~]#yum-yinstalltftp-server [root@kickstart~]#rpm-qa|greptftp tftp-server-0.49-8.el6.x86_64 [root@kickstart~]#sed-i'/disable/s/yes/no/'/etc/xinetd.d/tftp [root@kickstart~]#sed-n'/disable/p'/etc/xinetd.d/tftp disable=no [root@kickstart~]#/etc/init.d/xinetdstart Startingxinetd:[OK]
4、准备pxe启动所需文件
[root@kickstart~]#cp/var/www/html/images/pxeboot/initrd.img/var/lib/tftpboot/ [root@kickstart~]#cp/var/www/html/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz/var/lib/tftpboot/ [root@kickstart~]#cp/var/www/html/isolinux/*.msg/var/lib/tftpboot/ [root@kickstart~]#cp/var/www/html/isolinux/splash.jpg/var/lib/tftpboot/ [root@kickstart~]#cp/var/www/html/isolinux/vesamenu.c32/var/lib/tftpboot/ [root@kickstart~]#mkdir/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg [root@kickstart~]#cp/var/www/html/isolinux/isolinux.cfg/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
5、安装syslinux并拷贝pxelinux.0文件
[root@kickstart~]#yum-yinstallsyslinux Loadedplugins:fastestmirror,security Loadingmirrorspeedsfromcachedhostfile SettingupInstallProcess ResolvingDependencies -->Runningtransactioncheck --->Packagesyslinux.x86_640:4.04-3.el6willbeinstalled -->ProcessingDependency:syslinux-nonlinuxforpackage:syslinux-4.04-3.el6.x86_64 -->ProcessingDependency:mtoolsforpackage:syslinux-4.04-3.el6.x86_64 -->Runningtransactioncheck --->Packagemtools.x86_640:4.0.12-1.el6willbeinstalled --->Packagesyslinux-nonlinux.noarch0:4.04-3.el6willbeinstalled -->FinishedDependencyResolution DependenciesResolved =========================================================================================== PackageArchVersionRepositorySize =========================================================================================== Installing: syslinuxx86_644.04-3.el6base346k Installingfordependencies: mtoolsx86_644.0.12-1.el6base194k syslinux-nonlinuxnoarch4.04-3.el6base584k TransactionSummary =========================================================================================== Install3Package(s) Totaldownloadsize:1.1M Installedsize:2.5M DownloadingPackages: (1/3):mtools-4.0.12-1.el6.x86_64.rpm|194kB00:00 (2/3):syslinux-4.04-3.el6.x86_64.rpm|346kB00:00 (3/3):syslinux-nonlinux-4.04-3.el6.noarch.rpm|584kB00:00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total1.1MB/s|1.1MB00:01 Runningrpm_check_debug RunningTransactionTest TransactionTestSucceeded RunningTransaction Installing:mtools-4.0.12-1.el6.x86_641/3 Installing:syslinux-nonlinux-4.04-3.el6.noarch2/3 Installing:syslinux-4.04-3.el6.x86_643/3 Verifying:syslinux-4.04-3.el6.x86_641/3 Verifying:syslinux-nonlinux-4.04-3.el6.noarch2/3 Verifying:mtools-4.0.12-1.el6.x86_643/3 Installed: syslinux.x86_640:4.04-3.el6 DependencyInstalled: mtools.x86_640:4.0.12-1.el6syslinux-nonlinux.noarch0:4.04-3.el6 Complete! [root@kickstart~]#rpm-qlsyslinux-nonlinux /usr/share/syslinux/altmbr.bin /usr/share/syslinux/altmbr_c.bin /usr/share/syslinux/altmbr_f.bin /usr/share/syslinux/cat.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/chain.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/cmd.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/config.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/cpuid.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/cpuidtest.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/disk.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/dmitest.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/elf.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/ethersel.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/gfxboot.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/gptmbr.bin /usr/share/syslinux/gptmbr_c.bin /usr/share/syslinux/gptmbr_f.bin /usr/share/syslinux/gpxecmd.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/gpxelinux.0 /usr/share/syslinux/gpxelinuxk.0 /usr/share/syslinux/hdt.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/host.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/ifcpu.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/ifcpu64.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/ifplop.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/int18.com /usr/share/syslinux/isohdpfx.bin /usr/share/syslinux/isohdpfx_c.bin /usr/share/syslinux/isohdpfx_f.bin /usr/share/syslinux/isohdppx.bin /usr/share/syslinux/isohdppx_c.bin /usr/share/syslinux/isohdppx_f.bin /usr/share/syslinux/isolinux-debug.bin /usr/share/syslinux/isolinux.bin /usr/share/syslinux/kbdmap.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/linux.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/ls.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/lua.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/mboot.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/mbr.bin /usr/share/syslinux/mbr_c.bin /usr/share/syslinux/mbr_f.bin /usr/share/syslinux/memdisk /usr/share/syslinux/memdump.com /usr/share/syslinux/meminfo.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/menu.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/pcitest.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/pmload.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/poweroff.com /usr/share/syslinux/pwd.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/pxechain.com /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /usr/share/syslinux/reboot.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/rosh.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/sanboot.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/sdi.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/sysdump.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/syslinux.com /usr/share/syslinux/syslinux.exe /usr/share/syslinux/syslinux64.exe /usr/share/syslinux/ver.com /usr/share/syslinux/vesainfo.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/vesamenu.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/vpdtest.c32 /usr/share/syslinux/whichsys.c32 [root@kickstart~]#cp/usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0/var/lib/tftpboot/
5、安装dhcp并启动服务
[root@kickstart~]#yum-yinstalldhcp
[root@kickstart~]#vi/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
[root@kickstart~]#cat/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
#
#DHCPServerConfigurationfile.
#see/usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.sample
#see'man5dhcpd.conf'
#
ddns-update-styleinterim;#设置DHCP服务器模式
ignoreclient-updates;#禁止客户端更新
log-facilitylocal7;#使用rsyslog记录日志
subnet192.168.49.0netmask255.255.255.0{
range192.168.49.3192.168.49.30;#地址池
optionrouters192.168.49.2;#网关地址
optionsubnet-mask255.255.255.0;#子网掩码
optiondomain-name-servers192.168.49.2;#设置DNS
optiondomain-name"contoso.com";#域名搜索列表
default-lease-time600;#默认租约期限(单位秒)
max-lease-time7200;#最大租约期限(单位秒)
next-server192.168.49.201;#下一个访问的服务器地址，tftp服务器地址
filename"pxelinux.0";#在next-server上需要下载的文件
}
[root@kickstart~]#servicedhcpdconfigtest
Syntax:OK
[root@kickstart~]#dhcpd
InternetSystemsConsortiumDHCPServer4.1.1-P1
Copyright2004-2010InternetSystemsConsortium.
Allrightsreserved.
Forinfo,pleasevisithttps://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/
NotsearchingLDAPsinceldap-server,ldap-portandldap-base-dnwerenotspecifiedintheconfigfile
Wrote0leasestoleasesfile.
ListeningonLPF/eth0/00:0c:29:c1:d4:3d/192.168.49.0/24
SendingonLPF/eth0/00:0c:29:c1:d4:3d/192.168.49.0/24
SendingonSocket/fallback/fallback-net
[root@kickstart~]#/etc/init.d/dhcpdstart
[root@kickstart~]#/etc/init.d/dhcpdstatus
dhcpd(pid1670)isrunning...
6、检查相关服务运行情况并添加开机自启动
[root@kickstart~]#/etc/init.d/httpdstatus httpd(pid1770)isrunning... [root@kickstart~]#chkconfighttpdon [root@kickstart~]#/etc/init.d/xinetdstatus xinetd(pid1585)isrunning... [root@kickstart~]#chkconfigxinetdon [root@kickstart~]#/etc/init.d/dhcpdstatus dhcpd(pid1670)isrunning... [root@kickstart~]#chkconfigdhcpdon
7、准备ks.cfg文件
下面通过system-config-kickstart的图形界面进行无人值守安装设置，如果熟知ks.cfg文件的格式，可以自己写脚本来完成，当然这里只是示例。
因为system-config-kickstart需要在图形界面下操作，所以首先要在操作系统中安装图形界面：
[root@kickstarthttpd]#yum-ygroupinstall'XWindowSystem' yum-ygroupinstall'Desktop' yum-ygroupinstall'DesktopPlatform''DesktopPlatformDevelopment''GraphicalAdministrationTools'
然后，使用yum安装system-config-kickstart：
[root@kickstarthttpd]#yuminstallsystem-config-kickstart
最后，执行system-config-kickstart命令：
[root@kickstarthttpd]#system-config-kickstart
基本设置，包含语言、时区、root密码等信息，
选择安装方式和安装源，
选择安装类型，GRUB选项以及安装选项，
磁盘分区相关选项，
网络配置选项，
登录认证方式设置，有多种认证方式可选，如NIS、LDAP、Kerberos5等等，
防火墙设置，
显示配置，
选择软件包，
预安装脚本，
安装后的处理脚本，
选好之后，点击“File"，然后在下拉菜单中选择“Save”，
选择文件保存位置，确定后选择save保存。
[root@kickstarthttpd]#ll/var/www/html/ks.cfg -rw-r--r--1rootroot1126Jul1401:58/var/www/html/ks.cfg [root@kickstarthttpd]#cat/var/www/html/ks.cfg #platform=x86,AMD64,orIntelEM64T #version=DEVEL #Firewallconfiguration firewall--disabled #InstallOSinsteadofupgrade install #Usenetworkinstallation url--url="http://192.168.49.201/" #Rootpassword rootpw--iscrypted$1$Y8sHozoZ$2BCNRpLHzBEab6Etd46hF1 #Systemauthorizationinformation auth--useshadow--passalgo=sha512 #Usegraphicalinstall graphical #Systemkeyboard keyboardus #Systemlanguage langen_US #SELinuxconfiguration selinux--disabled #DonotconfiguretheXWindowSystem skipx #Installationlogginglevel logging--level=info #Rebootafterinstallation reboot #Systemtimezone timezone--isUtcAsia/Chongqing #Networkinformation network--bootproto=dhcp--device=eth0--onboot=on #Systembootloaderconfiguration bootloader--location=mbr #CleartheMasterBootRecord zerombr #Partitionclearinginformation clearpart--all--initlabel #Diskpartitioninginformation part/boot--fstype="ext4"--size=200 partswap--fstype="swap"--size=1024 part/--fstype="ext4"--grow--size=1 %packages @base @chinese-support @development cjkuni-fonts-ghostscript dos2unix %end
8、修改/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default，使客户端自动加载ks.cfg配置
[root@kickstarthttpd]#vi/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default [root@kickstarthttpd]#cat/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default ...... labellinux menulabel^Installorupgradeanexistingsystem menudefault kernelvmlinuz appendinitrd=initrd.imgks=http://192.168.49.201/ks.cfgtext ......
三、测试
创建一个VMware虚拟机，网络选择NAT模式，然后不添加启动影响，开机启动
开机看到这个画面，很亲切啊有木有，
选择键盘类型，
选择安装方式，
填写kickstart服务器的地址，
好吧，系统已经开始安装了，
安装中，
安装接近尾声，
安装结束，使用之前设置的密码成功进入操作系统，因为没有安装图形桌面，所以就是这样的界面了，ok，至此成功结束。
最简单的查看方法可以使用ls -ll、ls-lh命令进行查看，当使用...