CentOS下OpenSSL的安装和使用

1，安装openssl

tar zxvf openssl-1.0.0a.tar.gz
cd openssl-1.0.0a
./config --prefix=/usr/local/openssl
make && make install

2,安装apache

tar zxvf httpd-2.2.16.tar.gz
cd httpd-2.2.16
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --enable-ssl --enable-rewrite --enable-so --with-ssl=/usr/local/openssl
make && make install

如果你是yum install,apt-get,pacman这样的软件管理工具进行安装的话，上面的二步可以省掉。

3，创建主证书

在/usr/local/apache/conf/下面建个目录ssl

3.1，mkdir ssl

3.2，cp /openssl的安装目录/ssl/misc/CA.sh /usr/local/apache/conf/ssl/

3.3用CA.sh来创建证书

查看复制打印

[root@BlackGhost ssl]# ./CA.sh -newca//建立主证书

CA certificate filename (or enter to create)

Making CA certificate ...

Generating a 1024 bit RSA private key

............++++++

......++++++

writing new private key to './demoCA/private/./cakey.pem'

Enter PEM pass phrase:

Verifying - Enter PEM pass phrase:

Verify failure

Enter PEM pass phrase:

Verifying - Enter PEM pass phrase:

-----

You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated

into your certificate request.

What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.

There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank

For some fields there will be a default value,

If you enter '.',the field will be left blank.

-----

Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:cn

State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:cn

Locality Name (eg,city) []:cn

Organization Name (eg,company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:cn

Organizational Unit Name (eg,section) []:cn

Common Name (eg,YOUR name) []:localhost

Email Address []:[e-mail]

Please enter the following 'extra' attributes

to be sent with your certificate request

A challenge password []:******************

An optional company name []:

Using configuration from /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf

Enter pass phrase for ./demoCA/private/./cakey.pem://填的是上面的PEM密码

Check that the request matches the signature

Signature ok

Certificate Details:

Serial Number:

89:11:9f:a6:ca:03:63:ab

Validity

Not Before: Aug7 12:35:28 2010 GMT

Not After : Aug6 12:35:28 2013 GMT

Subject:

countryName= cn

stateOrProvinceName= cn

organizationName= cn

organizationalUnitName= cn

commonName= localhost

emailAddress= [e-mail]

X509v3 extensions:

X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:

26:09:F3:D5:26:13:00:1F:3E:CC:86:1D:E4:EE:37:06:65:15:4E:76

X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:

keyid:26:09:F3:D5:26:13:00:1F:3E:CC:86:1D:E4:EE:37:06:65:15:4E:76

DirName:/C=cn/ST=cn/O=cn/OU=cn/CN=localhost/emailAddress=[e-mail]

serial:89:11:9F:A6:CA:03:63:AB

X509v3 Basic Constraints:

CA:TRUE

Certificate is to be certified until Aug6 12:35:28 2013 GMT (1095 days)

Write out database with 1 new entries

Data Base Updated

安装成功的话，会在ssl目录下面产生一个文件夹demoCA

4生成服务器私钥和服务器证书

查看复制打印

[root@BlackGhost ssl]# openssl genrsa -des3 -out server.key 1024//产生服务器私钥

Generating RSA private key,1024 bit long modulus

.....................++++++

.........++++++

e is 65537 (0x10001)

Enter pass phrase for server.key:

Verifying - Enter pass phrase for server.key:

[root@BlackGhost ssl]# openssl req -new -key server.key -out server.csr//生成服务器证书

Enter pass phrase for server.key:

You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated

into your certificate request.

What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.

There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank

For some fields there will be a default value,YOUR name) []:localhost//要填全域名

Email Address []:[e-mail]

Please enter the following 'extra' attributes

to be sent with your certificate request

A challenge password []:*****************

An optional company name []:

4.1对产生的服务器证书进行签证

cp server.csr newseq.pem

查看复制打印

[root@BlackGhost ssl]# ./CA.sh -sign//为服务器证书签名

Using configuration from /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf

Enter pass phrase for ./demoCA/private/cakey.pem:

Check that the request matches the signature

Signature ok

Certificate Details:

Serial Number:

89:11:9f:a6:ca:03:63:ac

Validity

Not Before: Aug7 12:39:41 2010 GMT

Not After : Aug7 12:39:41 2011 GMT

Subject:

countryName= cn

stateOrProvinceName= cn

localityName= cn

organizationName= cn

organizationalUnitName= cn

commonName= localhost

emailAddress= [e-mail]

X509v3 extensions:

X509v3 Basic Constraints:

CA:FALSE

Netscape Comment:

OpenSSL Generated Certificate

X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:

FE:20:56:04:8E:B6:BE:3E:3A:E1:DA:A6:4A:3A:E1:16:93:1D:3F:81

X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:

keyid:26:09:F3:D5:26:13:00:1F:3E:CC:86:1D:E4:EE:37:06:65:15:4E:76

Certificate is to be certified until Aug7 12:39:41 2011 GMT (365 days)

Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y

1 out of 1 certificate requests certified,commit? [y/n]y

Write out database with 1 new entries

Data Base Updated

Certificate:

Data:

Version: 3 (0x2)

Serial Number:

89:11:9f:a6:ca:03:63:ac

Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption

Issuer: C=cn,ST=cn,O=cn,OU=cn,CN=localhost/emailAddress=[e-mail]

Validity

Not Before: Aug7 12:39:41 2010 GMT

Not After : Aug7 12:39:41 2011 GMT

Subject: C=cn,L=cn,CN=localhost/emailAddress=[e-mail]

Subject Public Key Info:

Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption

Public-Key: (1024 bit)

Modulus:

00:ce:d5:a8:df:d1:e7:ee:92:d1:d1:78:20:a9:6d:

0a:1b:f6:09:dd:13:29:ef:72:1d:17:54:dd:1c:8d:

28:27:69:fe:70:3b:fa:2b:a3:45:40:80:ea:0e:5b:

a7:bd:40:d0:cd:bc:2c:74:03:8b:f7:6c:5e:1f:09:

5d:c6:8a:05:ea:b8:72:fc:79:8b:62:62:38:0b:42:

28:7e:0d:fc:e7:bb:b0:87:66:6a:b2:35:92:91:b9:

78:9c:b6:76:01:0b:2a:74:df:5f:a1:8b:31:61:90:

93:f9:20:db:46:59:12:2e:9b:59:c0:32:4e:92:14:

a1:7e:52:7b:cc:02:5e:e2:45

Exponent: 65537 (0x10001)

X509v3 extensions:

X509v3 Basic Constraints:

CA:FALSE

Netscape Comment:

OpenSSL Generated Certificate

X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:

FE:20:56:04:8E:B6:BE:3E:3A:E1:DA:A6:4A:3A:E1:16:93:1D:3F:81

X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:

keyid:26:09:F3:D5:26:13:00:1F:3E:CC:86:1D:E4:EE:37:06:65:15:4E:76

Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption

09:a0:16:43:a2:93:11:a7:ab:f5:17:b7:36:35:84:9f:3b:37:

32:33:3f:93:63:b0:4c:bb:d1:b4:9b:4f:37:78:62:f4:ac:ff:

28:b0:63:71:2e:9a:7c:f4:40:2e:b1:5f:ae:49:e7:e2:6f:de:

cf:30:cc:9a:08:26:26:24:c5:00:03:32:20:48:41:b1:29:8f:

5d:3d:2a:78:54:0e:a8:76:07:6c:7f:23:42:75:c2:fb:83:1d:

70:44:5e:8c:90:cf:b4:23:b7:23:5b:06:05:32:58:e3:af:1c:

be:1d:50:7b:fd:37:66:ba:9c:ec:bb:af:ee:b6:04:f7:c5:2e:

59:22

-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----

MIIC2jCCAkOgAwIBAgIJAIkRn6bKA2OsMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAMGoxCzAJBgNV

BAYTAmNuMQswCQYDVQQIEwJjbjELMAkGA1UEChMCY24xCzAJBgNVBAsTAmNuMRIw

EAYDVQQDEwlsb2NhbGhvc3QxIDAeBgkqhkiG9w0BCQEWEXh0YXlpbmdAZ21haWwu

Y29tMB4XDTEwMDgwNzEyMzk0MVoXDTExMDgwNzEyMzk0MVowdzELMAkGA1UEBhMC

Y24xCzAJBgNVBAgMAmNuMQswCQYDVQQHDAJjbjELMAkGA1UECgwCY24xCzAJBgNV

BAsMAmNuMRIwEAYDVQQDDAlsb2NhbGhvc3QxIDAeBgkqhkiG9w0BCQEWEXh0YXlp

bmdAZ21haWwuY29tMIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDO1ajf0efu

ktHReCCpbQob9gndEynvch0XVN0cjSgnaf5wO/oro0VAgOoOW6e9QNDNvCx0A4v3

bF4fCV3GigXquHL8eYtiYjgLQih+Dfznu7CHZmqyNZKRuXictnYBCyp031+hizFh

kJP5INtGWRIum1nAMk6SFKF+UnvMAl7iRQIDAQABo3sweTAJBgNVHRMEAjAAMCwG

CWCGSAGG+EIBDQQfFh1PcGVuU1NMIEdlbmVyYXRlZCBDZXJ0aWZpY2F0ZTAdBgNV

HQ4EFgQU/iBWBI62vj464dqmSjrhFpMdP4EwHwYDVR0jBBgwFoAUJgnz1SYTAB8+

zIYd5O43BmUVTnYwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQADgYEACaAWQ6KTEaer9Re3NjWEnzs3

MjM/k2OwTLvRtJtPN3hi9Kz/KLBjcS6afPRALrFfrknn4m/ezzDMmggmJiTFAAMy

IEhBsSmPXT0qeFQOqHYHbH8jQnXC+4MdcERejJDPtCO3I1sGBTJY468cvh1Qe/03

Zrqc7Luv7rYE98UuWSI=

-----END CERTIFICATE-----

Signed certificate is in newcert.pem

cp newcert.pem server.crt

5,产生客户端证书

生成客户私钥：
openssl genrsa -des3 -out client.key 1024

生成客户证书
openssl req -new -key client.key -out client.csr

签证：
openssl ca -in client.csr -out client.crt

转换成pkcs12格式，为客户端安装所用
openssl pkcs12 -export -clcerts -in client.crt -inkey client.key -out client.pfx

这一步根安装服务器的证书差不多，不同的是签证，最后安装的时候，client.pfx的密码要记住，在客户端安装的时候要用到的。

[root@BlackGhost ssl]# openssl pkcs12 -export -clcerts -in client.crt -inkey client.key -out client.pfx
Enter pass phrase for client.key:
Enter Export Password:
Verifying - Enter Export Password:

客户端和服务器端都可以使用服务器端证书，所以这一步不做也行。

6，集中所以证书和私私钥到一起

#cp demoCA/cacert.pem cacert.pem

同时复制一份证书，更名为ca.crt
#cp cacert.pem ca.crt

7，apache配置

vi /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/ssl.conf

查看复制打印

ssl开启

SSLEngine on

指定服务器证书位置

SSLCertificateFile /usr/local/apache/conf/ssl/server.crt

指定服务器证书key位置

SSLCertificateKeyFile /usr/local/apache/conf/ssl/server.key

证书目录

SSLCACertificatePath /usr/local/apache/conf/ssl

根证书位置

SSLCACertificateFile /usr/local/apache/conf/ssl/cacert.pem

要求客户拥有证书

SSLVerifyClient require

SSLVerifyDepth1

SSLOptions +StdEnvVars

记录log

CustomLog "/usr/local/apache/logs/ssl_request_log" \

"%t %h %{SSL_PROTOCOL}x %{SSL_CIPHER}x \"%r\" %b"

vi /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd_vhosts.conf

查看复制打印

listen 443 https

NameVirtualHost *:443

<VirtualHost _default_:443>

DocumentRoot "/home/zhangy/www/metbee/trunk/src/web"

ServerName*:443

ErrorLog "/home/zhangy/apache/www.metbee.com-error.log"

CustomLog "/home/zhangy/apache/www.metbee.com-access.log" common

Include conf/extra/ssl.conf

</VirtualHost>

vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf把Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf前面的注释去掉

启动/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl -D SSL -k start

Server *:10000 (RSA)
Enter pass phrase:输入的是server的密钥

OK: Pass Phrase Dialog successful.

8,安装客户端证书

把ca.crt和client.pfx copy到客户端，双击client.pfx就会进入证书的安装向导，下一步就行了，中间会让你输入密码

四，安装所遇到的问题

1，生成的密码很多，一会让输入密码，会忘得，并且主证书的密码和下面的证书的密码不能重得，会报错的，所以要搞个文本记下来。

2，升级openssl引发的问题

httpd: Syntax error on line 56 of /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf: Cannot load /usr/local/apache/modules/libphp5.so into server: libssl.so.0.9.8: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

httpd: Syntax error on line 56 of /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf: Cannot load /usr/local/apache/modules/libphp5.so into server: libcrypto.so.0.9.8: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

用ln -s来建立软链接，就可以了。不过这种方法不是万能的，比如我把libpng从1.2升到1.4，libjpeg从7.0升到8.0结果是系统差点崩掉，用软链接不管用，我把他们弄掉，从网上下的低版本重装。

3，证书的国家名称，省名要相同不然生成空证书，

The countryName field needed to be the same in the
CA certificate (cn) and the request (sh)

4，提示CommonName时，要添写全域名，会提示警告

RSA server certificate CommonName (CN) `cn' does NOT match server name!?

5，相同的证书不能生成二次，名字不一样也不行，也就是说server.cst和client.csr信息不能完相同，不然会报

failed to update database
TXT_DB error number 2

6，页面浏览时，会看到提示，你的证书是不可信的，是因为我配置的不对，还是自己建的证书就是不要信的呢？

7，当我加了SSLVerifyClient require SSLVerifyDepth 1这二个配置时，在windows下面，要你输入证书后，就可以看到页面了，但在用firefox就是不行呢？看下面的ssl_request_log日志，192.168.18.3是用windows的IE浏览器

[09/Aug/2010:22:02:21 +0800] 127.0.0.1 TLSv1 DHE-RSA-CAMELLIA256-SHA "GET /robots.txt HTTP/1.1" 208
[09/Aug/2010:22:02:21 +0800] 127.0.0.1 TLSv1 DHE-RSA-CAMELLIA256-SHA "GET /robots.txt HTTP/1.1" 208
[09/Aug/2010:22:02:21 +0800] 127.0.0.1 TLSv1 DHE-RSA-CAMELLIA256-SHA "GET /robots.txt HTTP/1.1" 208
[09/Aug/2010:22:02:55 +0800] 192.168.18.3 TLSv1 RC4-MD5 "GET / HTTP/1.1" 1505
[09/Aug/2010:22:02:55 +0800] 192.168.18.3 TLSv1 RC4-MD5 "GET / HTTP/1.1" 1505
[09/Aug/2010:22:02:55 +0800] 192.168.18.3 TLSv1 RC4-MD5 "GET / HTTP/1.1" 1505

http协议访问

一、安装

?下载



Openssl安装，--prefix)参数为欲安装之目录，也就是安装后的档案会出现在该目录下：? cd openssl-0.9.8k

Openssl:

Openssl:





1),并将

2)

3)(bits)

CA凭证CA凭证，将放置在~/openssl/ssl/misc/demoCA下，以下我们将介绍怎样产生出最上层的

?执行:

?./CA.sh -newca

?确定:

?ls

?cacert.pem」即是private」目录即是存放

?对

uCA凭证之存取权限，仅允许本人能存取，他人必须限制其存取权限chmod -R 660 ~/openssl/ssl/misc/ demoCA

CA产生次级凭证CA凭证产生完之后，我们便能够产生使用者或公司所需要之凭证，此次级凭证产生后，使用者便可应用于https等

?产生使用者之密钥档及(Certificate Signing Request)：cd ~/openssl/ssl/misc/demoCA

?-keyout」即为产生test_key.pem」为例，您可自行设定。而「CSR档，我们以「

?产生使用者之凭证：openssl ca -config ~/openssl/ssl/openssl.cnf /-policy policy_anything –out test_cert.pem -infiles test_req.pem

?检查凭证是否产生：cd ~/openssl/ssl/misc/demoCA

?cacert.pem

crl index.txt.attr test_cert.pem test_req.pem

private serial.old certs index.txt

index.txt.old test_key.pem newcerts serial

?以上可见，test_req.pem及CSR及

四、

?以cert：openssl verify -CApath . /-CAfile cacert.pem test_cert.pem

?检查产生的序号openssl x509 -noout -serial -in test_cert.pem

?检查发行者资讯：openssl x509 -noout -issuer -in test_cert.pem

?检查凭证起始及终止日期时间：openssl x509 -noout -in test_cert.pem -dates

?检查个人凭证资讯

?MD5 fingerprint或

?PEM转至Microsoft Outlook Express使用Microsoft Outlook Express寄出签章信件，只要将产生出来的Windows即可使用openssl pkcs12 -export -in test_cert.pem -out test_cert.p12 -name "My Certificate" -inkey test_key.pem

?由PEM:

?Private Key产生凭证：openssl x509 -in test_key2.pem -text /-out test_cert2.pem

?文档加密test_cert.pem」为个人凭证，能够公开给大家，因此某人欲加密传送一文档给我，便能够依下列方式加密。编辑一个纯文字档，在此我们预设档名为「document.enc」：echo "This is a text file." > document.txt

?openssl smime -encrypt -in document.txt /-out document.enc islab_cert.pem

?:倘若我们收到了某人传送的「Private Key来进行解密openssl smime -decrypt -in document.enc /-recip test_cert.pem –inkey test_key.pem

?文档签章document.txt」签章，签章后文档名为「:

?:当某人收到这份文档时，可利用我们的凭证test_cert.pem)连同(

?CA凭证cacert.pem)方可验证文档。

Linux下Openssl的安装全过程

1、下载地址：http://www.openssl.org/source/下一个新版本的OpenSSL，我下的版本是：openssl-1.0.0e.tar.gz

2、在下载的GZ目录中，用命令执行：tar -xzf openssl-openssl-1.0.0e.tar.gz

3、进入解压的目录：openssl-1.0.0e [.......]#cd openssl-1.0.0e

4、[.....openssl-1.0.0e]# ./config --prefix=/usr/local/openssl

5[...../openssl-1.0.0e]# ./config -t

6[...../openssl-1.0.0e]# make depend

7[...../openssl-1.0.0e]# cd /usr/local

8/usr/local]# ln -s openssl ssl

9在/etc/ld.so.conf文件的最后面，添加如下内容：

/usr/local/openssl/lib

10...]# ldconfig

11添加OPESSL的环境变量：

在etc／的profile的最后一行，添加：

export OPENSSL=/usr/local/openssl/bin

export PATH=$OPENSSL:$PATH:$HOME/bin

12退出命令界面，再从新登录。

13、以上OPENSSL就安装完毕，下面进行一些检查。

14依次如下执行：

[root@localhost /]# cd /usr/local

[root@localhost local]# ldd /usr/local/openssl/bin/openssl

会出现类似如下信息：

linux-vdso.so.1 => (0x00007fff3bc73000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x00007fc5385d7000)
libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x00007fc538279000)
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007fc5387db000)
15查看路径

...]# which openssl

/usr/local/openssl/bin/openssl

16查看版本

...]# openssl version

OpenSSL 1.0.0e 6 Sep 2011