批量修改文件名字的shell 函数方法.

批量修改文件名字的shell 函数方法.

我有很多 以375.20 结尾的库文件.需要修改后缀为375.66

[root@ps3cat5505k1 NVIDIA-Linux-x86-375.20]# ls
glext.h                        libGLX.so.0                          libvdpau_nvidia.so.375.20                             nvidia-modprobe
gl.h                           libglx.so.375.20                     libvdpau.so.375.20                                    nvidia-modprobe.1.gz
glxext.h                       libnvcuvid.so.375.20                 libvdpau_trace.so.375.20                              nvidia-persistenced
glx.h                          libnvidia-cfg.so.375.20              LICENSE                                               nvidia-persistenced.1.gz
html                           libnvidia-compiler.so.375.20         makeself-help-script.sh                               nvidia-persistenced-init.tar.bz2
kernel                         libnvidia-eglcore.so.375.20          makeself.sh                                           nvidia-settings
libcuda.so.375.20              libnvidia-egl-wayland.so.375.20      mkprecompiled                                         nvidia-settings.1.gz
libEGL_nvidia.so.375.20        libnvidia-encode.so.375.20           monitoring.conf                                       nvidia-settings.desktop
libEGL.so.1                    libnvidia-fatbinaryloader.so.375.20  nvidia-application-profiles-375.20-key-documentation  nvidia-settings.png
libEGL.so.375.20               libnvidia-fbc.so.375.20              nvidia-application-profiles-375.20-rc                 nvidia-smi
libGLdispatch.so.0             libnvidia-glcore.so.375.20           nvidia-bug-report.sh                                  nvidia-smi.1.gz
libGLESv1_CM_nvidia.so.375.20  libnvidia-glsi.so.375.20             NVIDIA_Changelog                                      nvidia-xconfig
libGLESv1_CM.so.1              libnvidia-gtk2.so.375.20             nvidia-cuda-mps-control                               nvidia-xconfig.1.gz
libGLESv1_CM.so.375.20         libnvidia-gtk3.so.375.20             nvidia-cuda-mps-control.1.gz                          pci.ids
libGLESv2_nvidia.so.375.20     libnvidia-ifr.so.375.20              nvidia-cuda-mps-server                                pkg-history.txt
libGLESv2.so.2                 libnvidia-ml.so.375.20               nvidia-debugdump                                      README.txt
libGLESv2.so.375.20            libnvidia-opencl.so.375.20           nvidia-drm-outputclass.conf                           test-me
libGL.la                       libnvidia-ptxjitcompiler.so.375.20   nvidia_drv.so                                         tls
libGL.so.1.0.0                 libnvidia-tls.so.375.20              nvidia.icd                                            tls_test
libGL.so.375.20                libnvidia-wfb.so.375.20              nvidia_icd.json                                       tls_test_dso.so
libglvnd_install_checker       libOpenCL.so.1.0.0                   nvidia-installer
libGLX_nvidia.so.375.20        libOpenGL.so.0                       nvidia-installer.1.gz

通过下面的脚本就可以简单修改.
之前想用rename 命令.发现在RHEL上面无法使用.
shell 里面的截取字符串通常用#和%进行匹配．
使用 # 号操作符。用途是从左边开始删除第一次出现子字符串即其左边字符，保留右边字符

newName=${tmpFile#*375}375.66
得到的就是
[root@ps3cat5505k1 NVIDIA-Linux-x86-375.20]# srt=libnvidia-encode.so.375.66
[root@ps3cat5505k1 NVIDIA-Linux-x86-375.20]# echo ${str#*375}
.20
[root@ps3cat5505k1 NVIDIA-Linux-x86-375.20]# echo ${str#*so.}
375.20
[root@ps3cat5505k1 NVIDIA-Linux-x86-375.20]# 

使用 % 号操作符。用途是从右边开始删除第一次出现子字符串即其右边字符，保留左边字符。用法为%substr*

#!/bin/sh
for aFile in *.375.20; do
    tmpFile=`basename $aFile`
    newName=${tmpFile%375*}375.66#右面开始,
    echo 原文件名：${tmpFile}
    echo 新文件名：${newName}
    mv $tmpFile $newName
done