如何在Android Studio 1.1.0和gradle 2.2.1中使用Robolectric 2.4

我无法使用Robolectric配置我的 Android Studio项目.任何人都可以一步一步地指导我使用Robolectric 2.4& amp;来构建一个android studio 1.1.0项目. gradle 2.2.1

此示例项目工作正常https://github.com/robolectric/deckard-gradle.但我无法在现有的Android Studio项目中实现它.

//下面是详细说明

//项目build.gradle的内容

buildscript {
    repositories {
        jcenter()
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:1.1.0'
    }
}

allprojects {
    repositories {
        jcenter()
    }
}

// app / src / build.gradle的内容

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

android {
    compileSdkVersion 21
    buildToolsversion "21.1.2"

    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "robo.testing.android.testrobo08"
        minSdkVersion 16
        targetSdkVersion 21
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"
    }
    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'),'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
    sourceSets { main { java.srcDirs = ['src/main/java'] } }
}

dependencies {
    compile filetree(dir: 'libs',include: ['*.jar'])
    compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:21.0.3'

    // Test Compile
    testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
    testCompile 'org.robolectric:robolectric:2.4'
    testCompile "org.mockito:mockito-core:1.9.5"
}

// MainActivityTest的内容

package robo.testing.android.testrobo08.test;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.widget.TextView;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.robolectric.Robolectric;
import org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner;
import org.robolectric.annotation.Config;

import robo.testing.android.testrobo08.MainActivity;
import robo.testing.android.testrobo08.R;

import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.equalTo;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertthat;

/**
 * Created by cflap584 on 13/3/15.
 */

@RunWith(RobolectricTestRunner.class)
@Config(manifest = "./src/main/AndroidManifest.xml",emulateSdk = 18)

public class MainActivityTest {
    Activity activity = Robolectric.buildActivity(MainActivity.class).create().get();

    TextView textView = (TextView) activity.findViewById(R.id.myTextView);

    @Test
    public void testTextView_lableName() throws Exception {
        String actual = textView.getText().toString();
        assertthat("Hello World!",equalTo(actual));
    }


}

//错误

robo.testing.android.testrobo08.test.MainActivityTest > testTextView_lableName STANDARD_ERROR
    WARNING: no system properties value for ro.build.date.utc

robo.testing.android.testrobo08.test.MainActivityTest > testTextView_lableName STANDARD_OUT
    DEBUG: Loading resources for robo.testing.android.testrobo08 from ././src/main/res...
    DEBUG: Loading resources for android from jar:/home/cflap584/.m2/repository/org/robolectric/android-all/4.3_r2-robolectric-0/android-all-4.3_r2-robolectric-0.jar!/res...
Gradle Test Executor 1 finished executing tests.

robo.testing.android.testrobo08.test.MainActivityTest > testTextView_lableName Failed
    java.lang.RuntimeException: Could not find any resource  from reference ResName{robo.testing.android.testrobo08:style/Theme_AppCompat_Light_DarkActionBar} from style StyleData{name='AppTheme',parent='Theme_AppCompat_Light_DarkActionBar'} with theme null
        at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowAssetManager$StyleResolver.getParent(ShadowAssetManager.java:456)
        at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowAssetManager$StyleResolver.getAttrValue(ShadowAssetManager.java:394)
        at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowResources.getoverlayedThemeValue(ShadowResources.java:294)
        at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowResources.findAttributeValue(ShadowResources.java:283)
        at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowResources.attrsToTypedArray(ShadowResources.java:186)
        at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowResources.access$000(ShadowResources.java:44)
        at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowResources$ShadowTheme.obtainStyledAttributes(ShadowResources.java:491)
        at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowResources$ShadowTheme.obtainStyledAttributes(ShadowResources.java:486)
        at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowResources$ShadowTheme.obtainStyledAttributes(ShadowResources.java:481)
        at android.content.res.Resources$Theme.obtainStyledAttributes(Resources.java)
        at android.content.Context.obtainStyledAttributes(Context.java:380)
        at android.support.v7.app.ActionBaractivityDelegate.onCreate(ActionBaractivityDelegate.java:147)
        at android.support.v7.app.ActionBaractivityDelegateBase.onCreate(ActionBaractivityDelegateBase.java:138)
        at android.support.v7.app.ActionBaractivity.onCreate(ActionBaractivity.java:123)
        at robo.testing.android.testrobo08.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:13)
        at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:5133)
        at org.robolectric.internal.ReflectionHelpers$3.run(ReflectionHelpers.java:64)
        at org.robolectric.internal.ReflectionHelpers.traverseClassHierarchy(ReflectionHelpers.java:114)
        at org.robolectric.internal.ReflectionHelpers.callInstanceMethodReflectively(ReflectionHelpers.java:59)
        at org.robolectric.util.ActivityController$1.run(ActivityController.java:115)
        at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowLooper.runPaused(ShadowLooper.java:268)
        at org.robolectric.util.ActivityController.create(ActivityController.java:111)
        at org.robolectric.util.ActivityController.create(ActivityController.java:122)
        at robo.testing.android.testrobo08.test.MainActivityTest.<init>(MainActivityTest.java:26)

解决方法

我发现了问题.在我的情况下,它无法找到AndroidManifest.xml文件&我没有使用customrobolectricTestRunner.

项目结构

Gradle Version 2.2.1
  Android Plugin Version 1.1.0

project build.gradle文件的内容

buildscript {
    repositories {
        jcenter()
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:1.1.0'
    }
}

allprojects {
    repositories {
        jcenter()
    }
}

App build.gradle文件的内容

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

android {
    compileSdkVersion 21
    buildToolsversion "21.1.2"

    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "robo.testing.android.testrobo"
        minSdkVersion 16
        targetSdkVersion 18
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"
    }
    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'),include: ['*.jar'])
    compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:21.0.3'


// Test Compile
    testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
    testCompile 'org.robolectric:robolectric:2.4'
    testCompile "org.mockito:mockito-core:1.9.5"
}

构建变体

Test Artificat : Unit Tests

我找到了一些解决方案的参考资料
https://github.com/robolectric/robolectric/issues/1592
@erd如果您使用的是Gradle / Android Studio,则需要创建一个自定义测试运行器,告诉Robolectric在哪里可以找到合并的资源,资源和清单.请看这里的讨论：

http://nenick-android.blogspot.in/2015/03/android-studio-110-and-robolectric-30.html

src / test / java / packageName.test / CustomrobolectricRunner.java的内容

public CustomrobolectricRunner(Class<?> testClass)
            throws InitializationError {
        super(testClass);
        String buildVariant = (BuildConfig.FLAVOR.isEmpty()
                ? "" : BuildConfig.FLAVOR+ "/") + BuildConfig.BUILD_TYPE;
        String intermediatesPath = BuildConfig.class.getResource("")
                .toString().replace("file:","");
        intermediatesPath = intermediatesPath
                .substring(0,intermediatesPath.indexOf("/classes"));

        System.setProperty("android.package",BuildConfig.APPLICATION_ID);
        System.setProperty("android.manifest",intermediatesPath + "/manifests/full/" 
                        + buildVariant + "/AndroidManifest.xml");
        System.setProperty("android.resources",intermediatesPath + "/res/" + buildVariant);
        System.setProperty("android.assets",intermediatesPath + "/assets/" + buildVariant);
    }

MainActivityTest.java的内容

package robo.testing.android.testrobo.test;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.widget.TextView;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.robolectric.Robolectric;

import robo.testing.android.testrobo.MainActivity;
import robo.testing.android.testrobo.R;

import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertthat;
import static org.hamcrest.core.IsEqual.equalTo;

/**
 * Created by cflap584 on 16/3/15.
 */

@RunWith(CustomrobolectricTestRunner.class)
public class MainActivityTest {
    Activity activity = Robolectric.buildActivity(MainActivity.class).create().get();
    TextView textView = (TextView) activity.findViewById(R.id.myTextView);

    @Test
    public void testTextView_labelName() throws Exception {
        String actual = textView.getText().toString();
        assertthat("Hello World!",equalTo(actual));

    }

}